In this lesson, we'll be using a bore toolpath with a spring pass. After completing this lesson, you'll be able to create a bore toolpath and modify the leads and transitions for a 2D contour. Let's carry on with the file from our previous example and let's talk about clearing out the cylindrical area on the part. Remember, that we do also have the small cut in the wall that we're going to have to deal with. But right now, we haven't done anything in this area. And there are several different features, here. I do want to note that we're not fully programming this part, we're not going to drill and tap holes. And as I mentioned, the four holes we're assuming we're tapped from the bottom, so that way it can be bolted down to a fixture plate. However, we really want to focus on the finishing of the internal and external walls and how we can use things like spring passes. So we're going to focus on finishing off this inside area. But again, we're not going to create all the small openings in the bottom, we're not going to drill and tap the holes. We're just focusing on a certain type of toolpath. So for this next section, there are a few things that we can do. We can take a look at using our adaptive clearing again. And we can also take a look at finishing off this geometry by using the bored toolpath. This is going to allow us to treat this as a full cylindrical area and then we can go back later and clear out this section. So to get started, we're going to go to 2D adaptive clearing. And in this case, we have to be a little careful with our selection again. Remember, we did add this 2D sketch, so we can select this area. But we will need to make sure that we also select this boss as an area for us to avoid. Notice, when I do that, when I select the two chains, how it's treating them differently. What we need to do, is we need to make sure that they're on the same level. Otherwise, what we're going to end up having is two different pockets that's trying to cut a two different heights. So our sketch is on the bottom face and this edge of the boss is on the bottom face. And once we select those in that order, then everything looks good. From here, we need to make sure that we are using our half inch end mill. So I'm going to make sure that I go back and select tool number 10. In geometry, we're not worried so much about rest machining because we haven't done anything in this area with the exception of facing the top. So we're going to skip all the rest of these options. Make sure that we go to heights, and the bottom is based on our selected contour, so that height is good. In passes, we're going to make sure that we treat this as something that, in this case, has got a lot of material to be removed. We're going to take a look at this as an adaptive tool path with a full depth cut. But we do want to make sure, for the axial stock to leave, that we aren't leaving anything on the bottom. We are going to take care of leaving material on the walls because we'll come back and finish that with another operation. But we don't want to leave anything on the bottom because we don't want to come back and clear the bottom out after the fact. All the rest of the options are going to stay the same. And we're going to move on to linking parameters. And here's where we need to be a little bit careful. We're going to allow it to figure out exactly where it needs to enter and exit. It knows the island in the center. It knows everything it needs to avoid. So we're going to say okay and allow it to cut that geometry. Notice, that we get a warning on this tool path and nothing is created. We take a look at the warning, it tells us it's empty, because it really doesn't give us an exact reason. But it tells us that it's empty and it wasn't able to create anything. So one reason for this is partially because maybe there's not enough room for the tool. Maybe it's because we have multiple regions, in here. There could be a whole host of reasons. So the first thing I'm going to do, is go back and select a smaller tool and see if it's able to create that tool path with the smaller tool. See if it's able to get that [INAUDIBLE] entry. And we can see, now, that it is, but now we have a quarter inch end mill and this is going to tell me that we have a lot of material, in here. And I might be using this tool a little bit too much out of full depth. So I have to think about that. Do we want to simply come back and do a 2D contour on the outside? Or do we want to try to use this adaptive clearing? I'm going to take a look at it by going into my setup and simulating it. And I'm going to navigate past all of these operations until I get down to my adaptive. Then, I'm going to play through and take a look at it. So, it's doing it's helical entry and then it's moving it's way around the part, and then it's finishing. Remember, if we show transparency, that we told it to leave .02 on the walls. So on both the island and the outside we still have that material left over. And we still have material leftover on the top of this that needs to be cleared off. So I'm pretty happy with that result. I think that'll work okay, but I do want to go back into the adaptive tool path and make an edit, here. We're going to go into Passes and for the optimum load, I'm actually going to reduce this 2.08, which will put less load on the tool. It will still go full depth and it'll still allow us to cut that. But it's at least being mindful of the fact that we're asking a lot of this quarter in end mill. So now that we've cleared this out, we need to do some finishing operations. And since we're still on this quarter inch end mill, it makes sense to reuse it for a 2D contour. So what I want to do now, is go into my 2D contour. And I'm going to finish off this section, right here, making sure that my red arrow is on the correct side. Then, I want to come in, make sure that the height is at the selected contour. For the passes, this is not a critical area, or at least I assume it's not, but I still am going to follow the process of using multiple finished passes. Because of the nature of this geometry, I don't need a spring pass. It's not a thin wall, so I can leave that off. And then, simply say okay. So now, it's going to come in and it will do two finish passes and clear that area off. For the outside, however, I don't want to use it to the contour because this is going to be a thin wall. I'm going to explore using another operation. This is going to be my bore operation. I'm going to still use the same tool and under Geometry, it wants me to select Circular Faces. And you'll notice that if I do this, it is able to assume that it is a full circular profile. It doesn't skip the region where the wall is missing. It is able to treat it as if it is one single profile. We're going to navigate to Heights, and this is going all the way to the whole bottom. However, if you wanted to make a selection, we can come in here and we can select the bottom face. Again, holding down the left mouse button will bring up that selection menu. For our Passes, we are going to use Finish Passes. The step over right now is 0.025. But remember, we only left 0.02 on the wall. So I'm going to change this to 0.015, and I'm going to use the repeat passes, which will allow me to treat it as a spring pass. We're going to say okay, and what we really want to be mindful of is where the tool is coming into an out of this operation. Specifically, where it goes from this contour to the second operation, doing the 2D bore. So let's go into set up, and again, we're going to simulate, we're going to navigate through all of these operations until we get down to the contour, which we've already looked at. Now, we're to the bore. If I want to jump back one operation and take a look at this, I can follow exactly where the tool is going to go after it cuts this section. So you can see now, it's cutting that 2D contour, it comes up moves over the boss, comes down in the other area. And it starts the process of cutting that outside geometry. When you're using a bored toolpath, it's going to do a helical ramp all the way down the face of the part. There are certain pieces where this type of geometry is not going to be ideal, and we might actually want to go full depth and cut it with a single cut. It really depends on the specific geometry in the instance for what you are doing. In this case, the helical bore will actually produce a good result for us. It allows us to take a small cut up at that top lip that we've already cut. And it works it's way down. This means, that I'm not alerting the entire side of the tool into the face, which, again, we could do with a 2D contour or another operation. Once this gets all the way to the bottom, it will do a full profile at the base depth. And after it's done, it'll do it's lead out transition, and it'll come back up. You can see here, now, it repeated that finish pass. And now, once it's done, we have cut the inside and the outside of that section. There is more to do, of course, because we have to take down the top of this boss a little bit farther and we have to remove the section from this wall. So what I want to do now, is I'm going to come in and I'm going to cut out this area, right here. And I'm going to do this with a 2D contour operation. So I'm going to select 2D contour. We're going to keep on that quarter inch end mill. And for my selection, I want to come in and I want to select just this edge. But notice, that as I'm doing it, what it's trying to do is select everything, here. So if I select the sketch line, you can see exactly what it gives me. If I left click on it again and tell it I want to select an open contour, I can select just this edge and then say OK. So you notice now, I have a single edge. And if we do the same thing over here, and left click again, I'm going to select an open contour with just that edge. And now I have an open contour on both sides. I'm going to go to my passes. I'm going to do multiple depths, because I don't want to simply load and cut through this wall. And then, I'm going to create step downs of 0.05. I'm going to do roughing passes. And then, I'm going to say OK. One thing that's going to happen in this case, because we don't have a lot of geometry to work with, it's going to ultimately give us problems when we have to do those roughing step overs. So you'll notice that this is another empty tool path because the geometry just simply doesn't work for what we told it. So if we come back into Passes and we turn off our Roughing Passes, then we say OK, notice the tool still isn't able to fit through there. Let's edit it one more time. Go back to our Passes and let's turn off multiple deaths And give it a try without that option. And notice that it's still failing. So what this is telling me is, that it's not able to create the link between those two different sections. So the next option that I have is to come back and try to do this with just one of them and see if I can get it to work with just one of those sections. Again, we're going to to try to do just a single contour, we're going to say OK, and allow it to create that tool path. So now, what's happening is, it is able to create that. And if we use inspect and measure and we figure out the distance between these two, you can see that the distance is, quarter inch. So, what this is telling me is that, the width of the slot here, is quarter inch, so there was no way for the tool, to offset at one direction and offset at the other. So the only option that I have using this quarter inch tool, is to make the cut with one pass through. This is not usually a great option for surface finish or tolerances. But in some cases, this might work out okay. But in order to do this, I need to be very careful with some of my options. And what I'm going to do is come back into my Geometry, first off, and I'm going to do an extension on this. I'm going to do an extension of .0625. In my Passes section, I am going to do multiple depths. And I'm going to step down small amounts. In this case, I'm going to go down .04. Notice, that I have a finishing step down option and I'll do one finished step down. And the finish step down, I'm going to leave at .005, which is a very small amount. And then, you'll notice that we have a whole host of other options, none of which we really need to turn on. But there is a rough final which will leave on to allow it to rough the final. We're not going to worry about multiple finishing passes, or any of the other options in here, but we do want to talk about linking parameters. For our leads and transitions, we have a lead in and lead out. What we can do is we can not have it arc into or out of that geometry. If we want to, we can change this so that it actually comes in at 180 degrees, and we'll say OK and take a look at that option. So you'll notice that with a 180 degrees, it's wrapping completely around. If we come in and we edit that transition, instead of 180 we make it 0, then it'll come in straight on each side. So as we take a look at this, there is one thing that we really need to consider. Does it make more sense for us to cut this after all the walls in the pockets have been cut? Or does it make more sense for us to do it beforehand, keeping the wall consistent? So there are a few different ways that we can think of this and ultimately it comes down to what the geometry will be used for. It's going to be much easier for us to make sure that the wall thickness is consistent if it's one continuous piece of wall, here. But, it does produce a problem for when we come back and do these finishing cuts, because we will be pushing the wall back and forth. However, again, this is just a cable pass through or some nontolerance geometry, then it really doesn't matter. Let's do one final simulation of this. going to zoom out, and I'm going to jump through everything until I get to that last contour. Once I'm here, I'm going to go ahead and play through this last board, cleaning up those walls. And then, play through that last contour operation going back and forth. So you see here, that we've cut that final geometry all the way down to the bottom. Everything looks pretty good here, and as I said, there's plenty more that can be done on this part. This boss needs to be taken down and chamfered. These small holes need to be cut and chamfered. And we really need to drill, and tap and counter bore the section in the middle of that boss. But for the purposes of talking about machining walls, and especially thin walls, I think we've covered enough on this part that you have enough information to start exploring this. From here, I would highly suggest that you save the file, but then continue to play with these toolpaths. And even try to go in and remove this geometry, and maybe do some chamfer toolpaths on there, just playing around with some of your options. But for now, this is going to be the end of our example with this part, talking about thin walls. And once you're done, save your file and then move on to the next step.
