[FOREIGN] This is the brain representation of the sensory information, right? This is the smell, olfactory cortex. [FOREIGN] Taste. [FOREIGN] Touch. [FOREIGN] Visual cortex. So okay, so we'll talk about all these sensory process, actually, one by one, okay? And by the way, things just, this understanding. So so far, what we can say is that the visual system is the best understood. [FOREIGN] Okay? [FOREIGN] The sensory transduction of the neurosecretory, or the transformation of the signal or the perception. This is the best understood so far, the visual system. And then followed by this olfactory system. Olfactory system also is, currently is a kind of hot topic, okay? [FOREIGN] If you know, then you say, Richard Axel and Linda Buck, they cloned the receptors of the olfactory system. And they got the Nobel Prize in 2004. And they have a lot of tools right now, developed a lot of tools. Actually, to all the connections from the peripheral, from the nose, to the brain, actually they can map, make a map. And also, right now, the in vivo recording actually also is quite useful to understand the system. And this is a kind of ongoing progress about this system, okay? And of course, then taste, then, is not so well understood. A lot of information actually we don't know all, okay? But the good part is, the taste system, at least in the human, in the mammal, all the taste receptors have been cloned. [FOREIGN] Sweet receptor, bitter receptor, salt receptor, [FOREIGN], umami receptor, [FOREIGN]. But the sensory coding part, [FOREIGN] information, [FOREIGN], relay to the brain, [FOREIGN], processing and makes a perception. [FOREIGN] Okay? [FOREIGN] Touch. [FOREIGN] The hearing. [FOREIGN] Receptor. [FOREIGN] Mechano-sensory receptor. [FOREIGN] Identity of the receptor. [FOREIGN] Okay, so, [FOREIGN], we will begin with this visual system, because it's the best understood. Then we'll talk about it from the first step, the sensory transduction to the neurocircuitry in the retina. [FOREIGN] Information. [FOREIGN] Processed in the brain, okay? We will follow this process.