[MUSIC] Hello, everyone. Welcome to Big Data and language. In the previous lecture, we learn about nouns. So today, let's learn about another parts of speech. Are you ready? Let's get started. So this time, let's learn about verbs. So verbs are expressed action or existence. For example, study, learns, examined, was, gotten, those are all verbs. And so what verbs are, what are the functions? Verbs describes a noun's movement, action or being existence. So phrasal verbs generally consists of a verb plus a preposition. So for example, turn up the music, okay? So not only just one word could be a verb. So more than one like turn up that could be another verb form as well. We call to phrasal verbs, okay? And now, let's move to another types of part of speech which one is preposition. So preposition is precedes a phrase that acts as a modifier or noun by indicating a position in time, location, or manner, okay? For example, let's run, right? Yeah, so big John went quickly with his friend, right? So he went quickly why with how with the friends, right? So that will modifies the verb and also good cat purred loudly for several minutes, right? How long so it shows the time as well, okay? So prepositions shows that the time location or the manner. And let's look at more detail the different types of prepositions. The time for example, when the preposition shows the time such as before, after, during, past, until, right? So after class before class, right? We can say that or location, above, below, across, along, around, behind, beside, between, in/out, into, near/far, on/off, over/under, down/up, something like that, right? So you can say that an apple is on the desk, right? Then it shows the location, right? An apple is under the desk, right? Then it shows another location, okay? So this time, on and on there showing the locations. And also some prepositions have multiple purposes such as about, against, as, at, by, of, for, from, to, with, without. Those kind of prepositions not only just showing the time or location many other purposes. So, for example, I go to school by car, right? For example, then by showing the tool, right? But you can also use by as I need to submit my final paper by tomorrow, right? So in the case by showing the time, okay? So by could be used in different ways. And prepositional phrases can be used as nouns, adjectives or adverbs. The noun or a pronoun at the end of the phrase is the object of the preposition. So let me give you an example which one is the correct. So, so far, we've learned about nouns, verbs, and prepositions. So let's find the right part of speech in a sentence. So let me give you an example sentence the education / educate of Luke Skywalker is the responsibility of Obi-Wan Kenobi. So which is correct education or educate? Education, this is a noun. And educate, this is a verb, right? So after the right and before of, the right part of speech is, good, noun. So the correct answer is education, right? The education of Luke Skywalker is the responsibility of Obi-Wan Kenobi. And what about the second example? Let me give you another example. Before we move to the second example, let's find the prepositional phrase then. Preposition of, right, so of Luke Skywalker. This one is the prepositional phrase. And of Obi-Wan Kenobi, this one is another of preposition. So of Obi-Wan Kenobi, this one is the prepositional phrase, okay? And now let's look at the second example. The second example Obi-Wan's wisdom and life lessons transformation or transform Luke Skywalker into a Jedi knight. So which one is the correct? Transformation is a noun and transform is a verb, right? So in this sentence, which do we need? Do we need another noun or do we need a verb, right? Because in this sentence, we do not have any verb. In one sentence, at least one verb should exist in English. So Obi-Wan's wisdom and life lessons transform Luke Skywalker into a Jedi knight. This one is correct. So you need to use a verb transform. What about prepositional phrase? Can you find any prepositional phrase? Into, this is a preposition. So into a Jedi knight, this one is the prepositional phrase, okay? So today, we've talked about verbs and prepositions. So next time, we will learn about more part of speech. Thank you for your attention.
