[MUSIC] Now the fifth of the As is action. And of course that's the one I said is critical. That's what we're trying to in terms of traction, the action and traction, that's what we're trying to achieve here and that's about knowing how to actually bring the brand to life. And that's not always so easy because if you think about the brand books, maybe you have some of those brand books floating around the office, have a look at them. Many of them will not actually take that final step and tell you what to do. And it's difficult, because there's so many actions, hundreds if not thousands of them across the organization, that you cannot define and standardize everything you need to do, but you have to understand the brand at a level where you know what it means for your job. So, going back to Simmon, they used a few tools which I use a lot. One of them is called a scenario exercise, where you're coming up with typical scenarios, in this case maybe it was an elderly customer, was looking, their broadband was down, they called late on a Friday night, what happens? Well, they know what happens. Typically it went to some kind of a voicemail, it's the weekend, and they're put on hold, complicated, a week or two later somebody actually paid attention to them. Then they said, well, given our brand, that we want to be a solutions provider, we want to be trusted, we want to be modern, what can we do differently? So the engineers might get this message, they redesign certain processes, they also then redesign what happens when you're actually at the person's home. Instead of just fixing the problem they actually became solutions provider, they had a look around, they could put in some accelerators for Wi-Fi they could come up with other tips when they saw that you had your TV your personal recorder they'd notice the zero is flashing. They said do you want me to put the timing on, can I help you, have you recorded a movie, let me show you how. They really did become solutions provider and they wrapped this up with an exercise which I think is fantastic. They had them write the letter from the elderly customer what would she write. By the way you can do the same thing done for your senior management. Maybe pick a newspaper, which article would they write in a year from now based on the changes you've made? Now action is really about habits in the long term. You don't want people to do something different once, you want them to do differently. So the scenario exercise is really what I call digging deeper. It's about going from the abstract concept down to concrete behaviors, maybe identifying barriers along the way. But if you think about habits, right, this has got to be replicated. And not just the same thing over and over again. But maybe the same type of action across different domains. And in a book by Charles Duhigg he calls this the keystone habit. It's the habit that, if you adopt it, it spills over. And an example might be my son, his bedroom is now absolutely stunningly clean every day. How did we achieve this? You think about one thing he can do, one thing he can take pride in and that was simply making his bed. If you get somebody to change that one behavior, now the bed is made, hm, everything else doesn't look quite as tidy. Now we bribed him to make his bed. His pocket money depended on making his bed but that then started spilling over. Soon enough he'd pick up his clothes, then he'd put away his toys, and that spilled over. The example Charles Duhigg gives in his book Is about Alcoa when the new CO came on board. And he announced in his first press meeting, it's all going to be about safety. Everything is going to be about safety at Alcoa. Now the analysts thought this was ridiculous. He didn't talk about numbers. As a matter of fact, the stock price took a dip right after his announcement. But it wasn't such a bad idea, because what he needed to do was to improve operations overall. And what he needed to do is to create a context for change to happen. Now, he knew that everybody would agree safety is important. That people wouldn't die on the job, get hurt on the job, injured on the job, including the labor unions who might show some resistance to the process. Now as safety became the topic, all of a sudden you require, well, what does it take to have safety? What systems do we put into place. He put in place, for example, that if there is an incident within 24 hours, the senior manager had to report not only on the problem, but also on the solution to the problem. So, that created reporting lines. It was collaborative effort across different silos in the organization to make safety happen. And that collaborative effort then became a way of collaborating in general. And the book by Charles Duhigg is one of the recommended readings. And it's a great chapter to read if you want to think about these keystone habits and how to create organizational change going forward. [MUSIC]