[MUSIC] Now, one of the things that Lee Ann Choy actually does once he becomes the leader of the Leadership Small Group on Talent is that he declares a new policy called the 1000 Talents Program, not the 100 Talents Program. And the strategy is to bring back 2,000 highly talented people over 5-10 years. And they want people who can make breakthroughs in key technologies and serve as scientific and technological leaders who can bring forward newly emerging fields, bring them to China. These awardees must have a foreign PhD, they had to be under 55 years of age, many of them were under 45. And they had to be willing to work in China for six months each year which basically meant they had to come back almost full time. Now the leadership small group which had been run by the ministry of human resources and social services was now in 2008 taken over by the organization department. And the party's organization department and its office of human talent. And all the ministries involved in the return talent programs were then members. But the CCP organization department coordinated all these different ministries and their efforts. And this was a way to make sure that there was no blockage, and that they could ensure the policy's success. Now what were the qualities of these awardees? Well, they wanted people as I said who were experts and scholars, but they wanted people with a title that was on par with professors in prestigious foreign universities and scientific research institutes. They wanted senior technical and management professionals. Working in well-known international companies, multinational companies, and financial institutions. They wanted entrepreneurs who owned their own intellectual property, and who were masters of some core technology. And who had oversees experience as an entrepreneur that has owned their own company. And were familiar with related industries and international practice in that enterprise. They wanted technologies that were internationally advanced that quote can fill the domestic gap. So again here is my concept of shortage in this regard, have market potential and can be put into industrialized production. These awardees got a one time subsidy of a million Renminbi, not so much. But they were entitled to medical care, social insurance, pensions, medical insurance, work-related injury insurance. They got a housing subsidy. They got food allowance for their families. Thy got home leave to go back overseas again. Their children got educational allowances. And all of this was done tax free. They could buy a second house. Previous to that Chinese were not. That was not that easy for Chinese to buy a second home. And their salaries were supposed to be reached through consultation, and quote, be reasonable in light of their previous salary overseas. Now, the big drawback was that there was no tenure, so these were not permanent posts under the program, though the institutions were encouraged to give that kind of guarantee. For this policy the communist party mobilized the cities. And so in fall 2009 the municipal communist party committees nationwide were called upon to assess the talent that the locality needed. And this was run by the leadership small group on talent within each of these cities. Cities, Beijing for example, promise to bring back 1,500 people. Guangzhou promised 300. Jinan, a city in Shandong promised 150. All within three to five years. And people get very energetic about trying to do this because they want to prove to the party that they can fulfill these goals. In December 2009, Shanghai sends out a team to recruit 115 people in the financial sector alone. And it's actually a task made a lot easier by the global financial crisis of 2008 and this team goes out and visits New York, Toronto, and Singapore. And although meeting the quota was not necessarily going to effect people's careers, one friend of mine, who works in Guangzhou said that the policy was now under the leadership of the Chinese Communist party. So the pressure to meet that quota is quite great. And the expectations were particularly heavy for units, organizations that used returnees, such as universities, high tech parks, research institutes and even state-owned enterprises. And they were also supposed to reform their internal environment along the lines that Lea and Chao had described in terms of relaxed. Things like that. Competitive that would make them more attractive to overseas mainlanders. Lots of money was actually given, even for lower-quality universities. That we're able to bring people back.
