[SOUND] It's going. >> It's going. >> It's going. Okay, so, you know, the whole thing is we're going to talk about the idea of something called attribute listing. And usually, it begins from, doing observations about your environment, but the, the object I use is a refrigerator in saying, let's look at that from a design perspective and then, when we go through and list all the attributes of our refrigerator, we can figure out ways to change it and make something completely new. So, the trick with attribute listing is to be very complete and go through whatever you're talking about in extreme detail. And you can do this with a process or you can do it with an object. So, we're doing it with an object, a normal refrigerator, whatever a normal refrigerator is around the world. So, let's go through, you can imagine along with me, and I'll try to make a list of things that defines a refrigerator. What is a refrigerator. Why. First of all, it tends to be boxy. It tends to be white, or it could be black, or it could be stainless steel. In terms of refrigerators, I've seen them, sometimes they're other colors. A lot of times it has two parts, two areas, and one of them's usually, like, really cold freezers, and the other part is just kind of cool, the refrigerator part. A lot of times refrigerators have a flat top and sometimes the cat goes up there, and sometimes people put things up there like cereal boxes. A lot of times they have a dusty thing on the bottom, and they suck in air to cool themselves. And, a lot of times they're electrical, and a lot times they're magnetic. We know this because a lot of people put magnets on the side, and they put art up either on the front or the sides, not on the back because that's usually against the wall. And, they're kind of rectangular. So, aside from that, it also hums some of the time. And, so you go through your senses and try to figure out what does a refrigerator do, what does a refrigerator like, what does a refrigerator taste like. We usually don't taste our refrigerators. You can smell your refrigerator, and you can do that by accident when you open the door. And so we try to change those things. So, some things that we could do is we could try to make a refrigerator, maybe round. We would have to put it someplace else, not in the corner or on the side of the room. Or, we can try to say, we'll have a number of different places at various cooling temperatures throughout. So we'll make it, instead of cool, make it variable. [SOUND] And it could be red, or it could be pink, or it could be made out of wood. All of these are possible. And this is a great way for people to develop new products. 3M did this with Post-It Notes, and a lot of car manufacturers do this, and appliance manufacturers try to add new features. Two areas, maybe we'll, instead of having two, we'll have six different spots in the refrigerator that have different temperatures. And instead of a freezer on the bottom, we could just skip the freezer altogether, or we can have multiple freezers, a very, very deep, the cold freezer area, and one that doesn't chill your ice cream too much. So, maybe we'll have two freezers. Happily, we can also try to do something about the dustiness. We know that it's going to be dusty, it's going to attract cat hair, and dirt, and things like that, so maybe we say, we want an air filter on the bottom of our refrigerator that we can clean often, and one that sucks up all the dirt in the house. [SOUND] Sometimes it doesn't have to be electrical either. I suppose the real goal in a hot climate is to have a solar powered air conditioner, solar powered refrigerator. When the sun shines it actually powers the air conditioner better. This runs the compressor that changes the gas in terms of states. You can also do this with a number of other features, run it by cold water, or you can run it through ammonia gas, or something like that, so to change. [SOUND] So, in any case, what you do with an attribute listing is you go through and you list every single attribute of the object or the task that you're working on. The more, the better. And then, go through and change each one. You can make it better. You can make it worse. You can make it bigger or smaller, but you've got your list of prompts in terms of what you can change to make your object completely different. [BLANK_AUDIO]