[MUSIC] In this lecture we will learn about cyber-physical systems, the main definition of cyber-physical systems and describe the main components of such a system. A cyber-physical system, As the name suggests, is a system that combines, Physics, With cyber components, Potentially, Networked, And tightly, Interconnected. The term physics is typically related to the actual systems, the tangible part of the system. And many times we relate to the physics under the term plant process of our system itself. The part corresponding to the cyber, Is related to the computational components, The software, The code itself. When we think about a cyber-physical system, we think about these two components being tightly interconnected. And as we define it here potentially networked. If we would like to take a diagram view of this type of system, we can consider the following interconnected system where we have two main blocks. One corresponds to the physics, And the other one corresponds to the cyber. So when we design the physical component, we need to keep an eye also in how the code, the computational part, will play around in this interconnection. So these arrows represent how information can transfer from physics to the cyber part. And this information might have different type of, the nature might be different. And therefore, we need to somehow convert between these signals. And maybe there's some networking between this, for which we will need to actually add to this diagram some sort of an interface. And this is what these blocks are going to be doing for us. Defining the way that information is translated between these different pieces of the system. As we mentioned, this interface could be actually a network. It could be a converter. In the case of this path from physics to cyber, we will need a converter from analog to digital, For short, ADC. But we can have other type of interfaces. On the side of connecting the completing part, the cyber part, with the physics, we will also have a network, potentially, and also a converter, From digital in this case, which is where the cyber runs to analog, which for short is, Which for short is DAC. So now we have an interconnection of systems where now these arrows will be going into the different portions of the system. And our goal is to understand how to design all of these pieces so that in time their connection evolves over time the way we would like it to evolve. For instance, we would like the valuables of the physical system to perhaps converge to a particular condition. And in order to do that, we need to define the algorithmic part that holistically interface to the physics and accomplishes that particular convergence property we would like to have. [MUSIC]
