Stefan, I would like to understand from you the ecosystem of digital twins development, right. Yes, we now understand the concept of what digital twins is and basically, we're creating this virtual product of the real product. But how does it all start? Who are the players in this ecosystem? If I have to experiment with digital twin in my company, what do I need to understand? To that, I think can scale very much. I would roughly characterize the ecosystem on, let's say three levels. The 1st level is all the many specialized software applications that play some role in a complex technology like automotive, like we just talked about. I once saw a report by one of our automotive customers, and they just counted how many applications they were using in their electronics and software development, the answer was 247 or something of that order of magnitude. There's lots of those specialized little applications in such a system, and they do one specific task. Then if you go one level up, there's relatively few players who create the backbone of the digital twin, which ultimately means bringing together in a large field, like the engineering manufacturing space, bringing it all together and creating this consistency of workflows. I can name the major companies here. I mean, one is certainly Siemens digital industry software. There is Dassault Systems, there is a PTC to a lesser extent in the very complex industries like automotive. But all these three companies, I would say, provide the majority of solutions at that scale of providing the backbone. Then, of course, you still have a very complex IT landscape if you put these vendors together. Another level of companies who play a big role here is integrators, who really don't necessarily develop their own applications, but they are really specialized on creating business solutions, and many times the solutions go beyond the engineering space. They bring together the enterprise resource management when SAP, for example, would play. They're the ones who integrate this into what ultimately becomes a very unique enterprise solution. In this space, like Siemens has several strategic partners that we did a number of great projects with. I would mention Deloitte in that list, or Accenture is a strategic partner from Siemens. I would say, the third layer is those companies who then built very customized, very specific solution for certain enterprise. It's really different by industry and by customer, to what extend every one of these layers will be used and how complex it actually is. Just wanted to follow up on that answer. That was very, very clearly explained, the three layers. We also now more recently hear about the IoT platform from major software vendors like Amazon AWS or the Azure platform from Microsoft. How does that fit into this ecosystem of building the digital twins with the sensor network? I would characterize the two you mentioned, we call them hyperscalers. That's another way they're called, and the reason they received that name, is that their biggest unique strengths of all of these companies is to provide this very scalable, powerful platform where you can run essentially anything. Every one of our products, for example, can run on Amazon Web Services or on Azure and on others as well like Alibaba, if you go to China and you want solutions there. So they're fairly generic at that level. Now that said, of course, all of these platform providers, these hyperscalers, they all are in a direction, of course, to provide more specific solutions. I would say, if you look at that space, if you really try to understand the role of everyone, it's still the case, that for these solutions you need a lot of industry knowledge and understanding. If you just look historically, Amazon and Microsoft, we all know what their history and their past is. They come from a strong technology understanding and less of an industry insight and understanding. I would say that direction of growth is to strengthen that understanding, no doubt, but there's still, I would say a gap. At Siemens, we created actually an IoT platform starting roughly five, six years ago. It's called MindSphere, and MindSphere actually uses the infrastructure of several of these hyperscalers. It's compatible with several, but it creates a layer above that, that is very specific to typical industrial applications, where you have to do things like scheduling, monitoring, preventive maintenance, and so on. It's a specialized layer. You could say, in this field, it's certainly a combination of partnerships and competition that's happening here. Because the same way that we use, at Siemens, we use the platform of these hyperscalers. I believe someday we will be competitors for these industry-specific applications. It's a very dynamic field and we would see a lot of evolution happening in the next couple of years here.
