Hello, welcome to this module on types of loads and distribution of power. Let's start with the topic on, classification of consumers. At the end of this topic, you will be able to, understand the distribution sector in India. Described the power distribution voltages in India. Distinguish between low-tension power supply and high-tension power supply, explain different types of consumers. Let's start off with the distribution sector in India. The distribution segment carries electricity to consumers, from where transmission leaves off. Distribution system is the crucial and weakest link in the electricity supply chain. This segment has a direct impact on, sectors, commercial viability and on consumers. The sector has the following problems, high distribution losses, theft of electricity, poor financial health of utilities. Let's discuss the power distribution voltages in India. The standard voltages at which power is distributed in India are as follows. At higher level 33 kV, 22 kV, 11 kV at medium level 6.6 kV 3.3 kV, 2.2 kV. At low level it is 400V, 230V. Now, let's look at LT vs HT power supply in India. In our country, low-tension supply is provided at two levels. Single phase power supply is provided at 230V, 50 hertz, three phase power supply is provided at 400V, 50 hertz. High-tension power supply is provided at 11kV or above for bulk power consumers. Low-tension service connections are generally provided to the small consumers, such as small individual houses, shops, offices, little manufacturing units etc. Big manufacturing units, factories, big offices, universities, hostels, hotels, residential colonies, etc are the bulk power purchasers. They get power at high tension levels, let's look at the different type of consumers such as domestic, commercial, industrial and agricultural consumers. The first photograph, depicts the domestic consumer. The second photograph, shows the commercial consumer representing factories and industries that is shops and offices. The Third one depicts the industrial consumer, that is factories and industries, the last one, shows the agricultural connections. The energy, is charged by the distribution companies, there are different categories of charges for different types of consumers. Each state has its own categories and tariff structure. The tariff depends upon the business prevalent upon the estate, the power supply will be provided based on the connected load. Here are the power supply service connection conditions. Individual DISCOMS based on the recommendations of States Electricity Regulatory Commission, frame the rules for providing power to consumers. Following is an example of what exists in one of the State's Electricity Regulatory Commissions. However, the discussions will operate as per their framed rules and power availability. 240V single phase connection will be provided up to maximum load of 4000 watts. 415V three phase four wire connection, will be provided for loads between 4000W ,112 kW. 11 kV or 22 kV three phase connection, will be provided for loads between 63 kVA and 5MVA. 33 kV three phase connection will be provided, for loads greater than 5 MVA and less than 10 MVA. 110 kV three phase connection, will be provided for loads between 10 MVA and 50 MVA. 230kV three phase connection will be provided, for loads greater than 50 MVA. An example of a sanctioned load and a consumer's, monthly consumption for one of the states is as follows. Domestic consumers, sanctioned load is 1 to 10kW, whereas the consumption of energy is 100-1000 units. Commercial consumers, sanctioned load is 2 to 50 kilowatts, whereas the consumption of energy, is 300 to 7500 units. Small industries, sanctioned load is 5 to 15 kilowatt, whereas the consumption of energy is 750 to 2500 units. Medium industries, sanction load is 50 to 100 kilo-watts, whereas consumption of energy is 7500 to 15000 units. Large industries, 11 kV sanctioned loaded, 250 to 20,000 kW, whereas the consumption of energy is 73,000 to 87,60,000 units. Large industries, 33 kV sanction load is 5000 to 50,000 kW, whereas, the consumption of energy is 14 Lakh 60,000 to 21 Lakh 90,000 units. Further intensive industries, sanctioned load is five lakh kilowatts, whereas the consumption of energy is 29 Lakh 20000 units. Thank you for taking this top, see you all in the next topic.
