Hello learners. Welcome to this topic on history of SCADA. During the early days when the SCADA system was not thought of, the indices were only utilizing manpower for monitoring and controlling their production process. It was the practice to get the required parameters as analog signals and the commands were through push buttons. When the industry started expanding on a large scale, the problem of controlling the process equipment installed far away came up. The initial solutions whatever was brought in were not so efficient. At this point of time, it was realized that the need for that hour was full automation. During the 1950s, the deployment of computers in industries picked up. Around 1960, the breakthrough was achieved using telemetric communicating data from a remote sites to monitor became very possible. By this, people were able to send and receive required data. In 1970, the terminology supervisory control and data acquisition or SCADA became a celebrity. Microprocessors and programmable logic controllers, or PLCs, provided the path for increased ways of deploying, controlling, and monitoring the process of industrial operations. As the smaller computers got developed, the facilities like LAN, local area network, HMI, human mission interface came into existence. During the '80s and '90s, the progress achieved by SCADA technology was immense. Because of these developments, connectivity of SCADA system to other systems became possible. When we see the history of SCADA, we could understand that the SCADAs have worked five categories and the categories are called as generation 1, generation 2, generation 3, generation 4, and generation 5. In 1970s, generation 1 that is standalone SCADA got introduced, which will how production for layer 2 mainframe, supervisory control hundreds of inputs and outputs. This was the condition of generation 1's SCADA. In 1980s, we had the generation 2, which is a distributed SCADA system where production floor layer 2, dedicated PC, supervisory control thousands of inputs and outputs. In generation 3 SCADA, the Internet was available, dial-up and GPRS facilities are available, local area network and wide area networks have been introduced, production floor was there, off the shelf servers, Windows operating system, supervisory control, and data acquisition seen, hundreds of thousands of I/O's were available. By 2012 plus, we had the fourth generation enterprise system that in Internet, ADSL 2 and 3G, 4G connectivity was available, enterprise Operations layer 2 and 4 were available, virtualized servers, Unix and Linux, Windows were available, enterprise data acquisition in millions of I/O's were available. Now, after 2018 plus we have Internet, NBN and 4GX and 5G. These are called as the generation 5 enterprise are Cloud SCADA. Evolution of enterprise layer 2, 4, 5 occurred. Virtualized servers that are available, data centers that is layer 5 were introduced, enterprise data acquisition, 100 millions of I/O's were available, and SCADA as a service is available in all areas. With this, we come to the end of this topic.
