[MUSIC] Hi, thank you so much for being here. We have arrived to the last session of this course. We will talk about emotional machines and singularity. So, I'm really happy to be here. I'm also happy, because my university gave me this really pretty pen of Coursera. Thank you so much. Well, I'm joking. But the point is that, what is singularity? When we talk about singularity, we can use these, these word in several domains. But when we talk in this, in this about this concept in contemporary debates on, on computer differ on man, we are talking about the point that technology can point at which machines will be smart as human beings. Well, surely, you think that just looking around you that most of humans you know are not so smart, which is also true. But at least for some hypothetical specific individuals that represent the highest communicative properties of our species, we can see that even in those cases, robots are really performing really good at several domains. And according to this progression, that we'll be arrive a point at which machines and humans will share the same capacities and we'll be able to perform similar skills. And even those skills will be surpassed in the cas, in the, in the case of robots being compared with human beings. Well so can we talk about in this moment of artificial intelligence with organism with emotions, with consciousness. Well, at least some of these parts of human nature are being reproduced into machines. For example, EcoBot III, one of the robots you can see in the center of this slide is, is able to, to eat insects to produce its own energy. Or for example, on the, at the left side, you are, you can see a small robot with several sensors that is, is use a, a central processor, a newer processor in which it is, there is placed a layer of raw neurons. So the robot is acting like is receiving things. Thanks to a neuro processor that combines a, a machine structure and and the electrochemical in process of of the neurons override. So here is this hybrid entity, partially machine, partially biological. The same happen when we talk about emotions from all the previous things we have seen all throughout the course, we can think about the point that any good communicative structure able to deal with uncertainties with changes into, into the environment must have an emotional nature. At the same time, emotions are really useful in order to, to protect the, the integrity of, of this whole system and to decide things at different moment by all the pre-regions. There are a lot of authors who are thinking about how these new machines will phase us to a new level of a new level of, of problems are on of, and are good questions about the right and the limit and the nature of artificial intelligence when they, this intelligence will reach us and it'll surpass us. Are we talking at the same time about transhumanism? For example, humans and not only, because they are half hat, half been injured during an accident or during war combat or any kind of, of strange situation. But even just for fun or just because we wish to improve part of our performance. For example, you can see here, Kevin Warwick from, from Coventry University who, who was the first one to implant, implant into his body. A small chip, at the same, the photo was the first who was able, able to control an external arm with internal implant placed into his, his, his arm and he even connected. This kind of device to his wife and both were able to make specific connections. Thanks to these external technologies that, at the end where internal technologies, he I, I have talked with him and he expressed the feeling that during that moment in which he has a, a third arm. It was his own arm, it felt like an own arm. And why not? We just Know that we have that our arms are, our arms just because we have been born with those arms. Our brain just recognizes the information, then sends signals and, and we produce actions with those external things. There are more ways of, of reaching an extra extension of human body. For example extending our hands with more fingers or adding extra skeletons to our body. Or even you know, I, I suppose the case of, of Neil Harbisson, who obtain as the first human being in, in the history of passport official ID as a cyborg, he has a chronotopsia and then he is color blind create a camera that turns phone's colors into sounds in order to understand which kind of colors are processing people around him and then he is able to interact and to understand these infor this information just in translating from one sense that he cannot use to another sense in which he really Is very smart. And he has created a new way of inter, interpreting reality. So he is adding capacities to human expression. So, and we are finishing. So why would these things ask to ethical, legal, political, biological challenges? We need to ask ourselves, which are the limits of this hybridization? And we need at the same time to, to have in mind that humans are still evolving naturally as well as artificially. So these possible upgrade of our bodies face as to other problems. For example our bodies will be easily hacked with the access to these external but of our, of our bodies and more in the case that this external past, part are intelligent. But at the end, we need to think about one, one, one very important question. We have stated that there is a strong relationship between the initial necessities, the structural nece, necessities of the body and the motions that this body is able to, to perform and to process. So when we consider the existential for new intelligent bodies, surely they will have new kinds of emotions. And according to a specific way of, of make a social interaction with this our emotions, they will try to create new kind of, s, of, of semantic, meanings and even a syn, syn, syntax, a new syntax for those for those meaning. So thank you so, so much for being here. I think that me and all my avatars have been really happy to be part of your life for some weeks and I hope you have enjoyed this course. And if you have some question, hope that you kind of go to the right places to learn and to write and to, to process the several debates that are still surrounding the status of emotions. Thank you so much. Hope to see you into next lesson. Bye.
