Cloning animals shown here on the right.
>> Is much, much different.
What you do is you start out with 2 eggs, and
egg with a red nucleus and an egg with a green nucleus.
You evacuate
the egg with the green nucleus.
And then you take the red nucleus and then
insert that into the egg that had the green nucleus.
You then allow the red nucleus to develop.
Into an organism and hence you have a completely cloned the red genome
into an organism. The really important part about cloning,
is that it can be used in other aspects of biology such as stem cell research.
And the way that organisms develop, the way that we
develop As we start out as an oocyte and a sperm.
And these 2 come together to make a fertile
egg then the fertile egg then starts to develop.
Then it develops into a developmental stage called a "morula".
And the morula is simply a developmental stage, where all of the cells in
that particular body are potent to develop into any other kind of cell.
Of course when we develop, our bodies
develop into many, many different kinds of cells.
And further on in development what we get is what's called a Blastocyst.
And in the Blastocyst we have inner mass
cells right here that are what are called Pluripotent.
And the pluripotent simply means that they have many options that they can take
to turn into differentiated cells, such as cells of the circulatory
system, cells of the nervous system, and cells of the immune system.
Stem cell research is important, because what we can do is the pluripotent cells.
And then use those to regenerate tissues of
the circulatory system, nervous system, or the immune system.
And this is important in, in, some therapeutic medicine that are
on the horizon or being developed.
So to understand cloning further, we need to understand that
not all stem cell research is done with embryonic stem cells.
So, if we look at an old cell, classic
cloning would be to take a, a chunk of this.
So, a single nucleus from this, put it
into an embryo, into a, a vacated oacite and
allow that to develop into an organism. What you can do with, with old
cells in, in stem cells research. As you can take part of the
old cell, and then allow that to grow into a young
cell of various types of tissue. There are
a lot of uses of stem cells that are potentially going to help in
neurobiology, such as stem cell research in Alzheimer's or Parkinson's.