（四）"动词+趋向补语"的否定 动词加上趋向补语的否定呢，是在动词前加上 Part four: The negative form of "verb + directional complement". The negative form of "verb + the complement of direction" is made by placing "没有"，"别"，"不要"等。 没有", "别", "不要" etc. before verbs. 我们来看一下例子，第一例，"学生证 没带来"，"带来"，这是一个带趋向补语的结构 所以用"没"否定。 Let's look at examples, first example, (he doesn't bring the student ID Card), 带来 is a structure with directional complement,
so 没 is used to negate. 第二例"大家没有想起来"，"想"加"起来" 它的否定是用"没有"。 Second example, (everyone didn't remember), "想" with "起来", it's negative form is made by using 没有. "桌子不要搬出去"，"不要"来否定"搬出去" 在假设句 (The table should not be moved out), 不要 is used to negate 搬出去. In this hypothetical sentences 或疑问句中啊，也可以用"不"进行否定 大家注意这个条件，是什么呢？假设句或者是疑问句 or interrogative sentence, we can also use 不. Please pay attention to this condition, what is it? It's hypothetical sentence or interrogative sentence. 所谓假设句是什么呢，就是一种不是真实地存在的 我们看一下例子啊。 What's so called hypothetical sentence is that does not really exist. Let's look at examples. 第一例，"不说出来你就别想离开" 用"不"来否定"说出来"，那么 First example, (no way to leave except telling out), here use 不 to negate 说出来, so 实际上的意思就是相当于"如果你不说出来"，所以是一种假设，"你就别想离开" 第二个，"孩子怎么不带过来" it actually means that 如果你不说出来, which is a hypothesis, 你就别想离开.
Second, (why not bring the kids)? "怎么不带过来"，那么这个是什么呢，是一个问句，对吧？所以可以用"不"进行否定 "怎么不带过来", and what is it, it's a interrogative sentence, right? Thus we can use 不 to negate. （五）"动词+趋向补语"带宾语的位置 也就是说这个宾语啊，应该放在什么地方。 Part five: position of "verb + directional complement" with object, in other words, where should the object be placed? 一，动词+简单趋向补语带宾语的位置 主要有两种情况：一种情况是什么呢，A First, position of "verb + directional complement" with object mainly has two kinds of situation: one of the scenarios, A 动词+简单趋向补语 +宾语，也就是说，宾语放在这个趋向补语的后边 B 是动词+宾语，宾语，然后再+简单趋向补语 B is verb + object, and then followed by simple directional complement. 也就是说，宾语跑在，跑到了简单趋向补语的前边 所以有，主要有这两种这种位置 In other words, the object is placed before the simple directional complement, so there are essentially two kinds of position. 这两种位置的宾语啊，都有一定的条件，具体情况我们来看一下 These two kinds of position of object have certain conditions, let's look at specific cases. 一，"动词+简单趋向补语+宾语"的"宾语" First, the object in "verb + simple directional complement + object". 这个时候补语为什么呢？"来""去"，宾语一般为数量，或者是数量名短语 Why the complement is used here? 来 and 去, in general, object is quantifier or nominal phrase of quantifier. 好，我们来看一下例子就比较清楚。 OK, let's look at examples to make it clear. 第一，"妈妈给我寄来一些衣服" "寄""来"，这是后面是"来" First, (mom send me some clothes), 寄 and 来, here is followed by 来. 那么它的补语是什么呢？数量名，是吧。 So what's its complement? Nominal phrase of quantifier, right. 第二例，"这次旅游我花去了九千块钱" "去"是一个补语，那么它的 Second example, (the journey took me nine thousands). 去 is a complement, so what's its 宾语是什么呢？是也是一个数量名啊数量名 不过，一些抽象的名词像"希望 实惠、 object? It's also a nominal phrase of quantifier. However, abstract nouns such as 希望, 实惠, 失望、 问候"等啊，也可以位于"来"或者"去"的后面 我们来看一下啊，第一例，"经济发展给国民带来了实惠" 失望, 问候, etc. can also be used after 来 or 去.
Let's have a look, first example, (economic development brings practical benefits to citizens). "实惠"是一种抽象的名词，也就是说不是一个具体的东西 那么它放在"带来"后面做宾语。 实惠 is a kind of abstract nouns, that is not a specific thing, so it's placed after 带来 as object. 第二例，"他没给大家 带来希望"，"希望"也是一个名词，也是宾语 Second example, (he didn't bring us hope), 希望 is also a noun and an object. 那么，它放在"带来"的后面呢，做"带来"的宾语。 Thus, it follows 带来, acts as the object of 带来. 第三例，"请带去 我们对他的问候"，也就是说"带去"的是什么呢，"问候"，这个"问候"呢，也是一个抽- Third example, (please bring our greetings to him), that is to say what we bring is 问候, the phrase 问候 is also an abstract 象的名词 它做"带去"的宾语 "带去"的宾语。 noun, it is used as the object of 带去. 补语为"来""去"以外的趋向 Directional complements except 来 and 去, 补语，那么"动词+简单趋向补语+宾语"中的"宾语"啊，一般是没有限制 没有限制，我们来看一下例子。 so generally, there is no limit to object in "verb + simple directional complements + object".
Without limit, let's look at examples. 第一个，"孩子爬上楼了"，这个"上" 不是"来"，也不是"去"，所以呢，后面可以是"楼"，名词 First, (the children climbed up the stairs), the word 上
is neither 来 nor 去, therefore it can be followed by 楼, a noun. 第二个，"请脱下你的鞋"，这个"下"也是个补语，那么我们说"你的鞋"是个宾语 Second, (please take off your shoes), the word 下 is also a complement, so we say that 你的鞋 is an object. 一个宾语，所以呢就没有什么限制。 An object, therefore there is no limit. 二 "动词+宾语+简单趋向补语"的"宾语" Second, object in "verb + object + directional complement". 补语为"来""去"，"宾语"在趋向补语前 "宾语"为处所名词、 The complement is 来 and 去, the object is placed before directional complement, the object can be noun of place, 事物名词，也可以是 数量短语。 nouns of thing and quantitative phrase. 例如我们来看以下两个例子啊，第一个"回家去" Let's see the following two examples, first, (go home). 这个"家"在"去"的前边，"宾语"在"去"的前边，这个是一个处所，"家"是一个地方 The word 家 is used before 去, and the object is placed before 去, here 家 is a place. 第二例，"别忘了带照相机来"。 Second, (don't forget bring the camera). 宾语"照相机"在"来"的前边 那么"照相机"是一个事物名词。 The object 照相机 comes before 来, so 照相机 is a noun of thing. 第三，"你去买几瓶水来"。 Third, (please go and buy bottles of water). 这个"几瓶水"这个宾语呢，放在"来"的前面，"来"的前面 The phrase 几瓶水 acts as object, and is placed before 来. 二，"动词+复合趋向补语"带宾语的位置 Second, position of "verb + compound complement of direction" with object. "动词+复合趋向补语"带宾语主要有三种位置 那我们来看一下。 There are mainly three positions of "verb + compound complement of direction", let's have a look. A 动词+复合趋向补语 +宾语，也就是说宾语在复合趋向补语的后面 A verb + compound complement of direction + object, in other words, compound complement of direction is followed by the object. B 就是动词+简单趋向补语+宾语 B that's verb + simple complement of direction + object +"来/去"，也就是说复合趋向补语放在了，宾语 + 来/去, the compound complement of direction is placed, and object 放在复合趋向补语的两个语素，或者是两个汉字的中间了 C is placed between two morphemes of compound complement of direction, or two characters. 就是"把"，用"把"这个介词 把宾语放在"把"的后头，再+动词+复合趋向补语 That is 把, use the preposition of 把, and put object after 把, then add verb + compound complement of direction. 主要有这三种的位置，三种的位置 一，"动词+复合趋向补语+宾语"的"宾语" There are mainly three kinds of position, first, object in "verb + compound complement of direction + object". 动词+复合趋向补语+宾语，这其中的"宾语"呢 Verb + compound complement of direction + object, the object here 应该是数量（名）短语，注意这个条件是数量名 也就是说，名词不行、 should be quantitative phrase, note that the condition is quantitative phrase, which means noun doesn't work, 代词也不行，应该是一个 数量加上一个名词。 neither pronoun, it should be a quantitative phrase plus a noun. 我们来看一下例子就比较清楚 例一，妈妈买回来一箱水果 Let's look at examples to make it clear. First example, (mom bought a box of fruit). 对吧？这个宾语"一箱水果"，放在了"买回来"，"回来"的后面 那么这个是什么呢？数量名。 Right? The object 一箱水果 follows 买回来.
So what's this? Noun of quantitative. 第二例，"我只还回去两本" "还回去两本"，两本书还给图书馆，对吧？那么这个 Second example, (I only return two books), 还回去两本 means two books are returned to library, right? So what does the phrase "两本"是什么？是数量，它放在"还回去"，也就是放在"回去"的后面 两本 mean? It's quantity, which follows 回去. 所以呢，这个要特别注意，容易错，就是说这个 Therefore, here needs special attention, it's easy to make mistake, in the form of 动词+复合趋向补语，它的宾语条件是很严格 verb + compound complement of direction, the condition of object is very strict. 应该是数量名，其他的都不行。 The object should be noun of quantitative, all else fails. 二 "动词+简单趋向补语+宾语+来/去"的"宾语" Second, object in "verb + simple complement of direction + object + 来/去" 而这个"宾语"呢，可以是数量（名）短语，也可以是处所名词 事物名词等。 The object here can be both a quantitative phrase and a noun of place, a noun of thing etc. 好，我们来看一下例子，第一个 "拿出一张纸来，我们听写"，好，这个"一张纸"是个宾语 OK, let's look at examples, first, (take out a sheet of paper, we'll have a dictation), OK, the phrase 一张纸 is an object. 放在哪儿呢？放在了"出"和"来"中间，也就是"拿出来一张纸" 变成了"拿出一张纸来"。 Where do we put it? Put it between 出 and 来, i.e. 拿出来一张纸
becomes 拿出一张纸来. 第二个，"同学们走进教室去了" 这个"教室"是一个宾语，它放在"进" "进""去"的中间。 Second, (the students entered the classroom), the word 教室 is an object, which occurs between
进 and 去. 那么，第一个数量名，第二个是什么呢 是一个处所。 So, the first is a quantitative phrase, what's the second, it's a place. 也就是说相对于这个 In other words, with respect to 这个第一种这个位置，这个宾语来说呢，这种情况下的宾语呢限制要少一些，要少一些 the position of the first one, object under this circumstance has fewer restrictions. 三，"把+宾语+动词+复合趋向补语"的 "宾语"。 Third, object in "把 + object + verb + compound complement of direction". 这里面的"宾语"啊，一般是已知的，这个要注意，是已知 The object here is generally something known, pay attention to this, it's known. 什么叫已知呢？也就是说，说话人和 听话的人都知道的人或者是事物 What is known? It means the people or things are known to both speaker and listener. 也就是说你这个"把"后面这个宾语啊，是说话人和听话人都知道的 知道的。 In other words, the object after character 把 is known to both speaker and listener. 我们看一下例子就比较清楚，我们看一下例一，"把头抬起来" "头"是一个宾语，那么 Let's look at examples to make it clear, let's see the first example, (hold your head up), 头 is an object, thus 这里面的"头"是说话人和听话人都知道是谁的头 那么所以我们叫什么呢，已知的，已知的 the word 头 means that both speaker and listener all know whose head it is, so what we call it, known. 第二，"我把钱还回去了"，这个宾语"钱" 这个"钱"是什么呢？就是说话人和听话人都知道是什么钱 是多少钱。 Second, (I paid the money back), the object is 钱.
What does 钱 refer to? It is known to both speaker and listener that what does the money refer to and how much the money is. 所以呢，这个叫"头"也好，"钱"也好，都是已知的，都是已知的 Thus, the word 头 and 钱, are all something known. 那么换句话说，"把"的宾语不可以是 未知的，也就是说听话人或者是双方都不知道的事情，那么 So in other words, the object of 把 can't be something
unknown, which is unknown to speaker and listener, thus 不能用在这样的里面做宾语 can't be used as object.
