二. Second, 动词重叠式。 Verb Reduplication （一） 动词重叠的方式。 (I)The Methods of Verb Reduplication 1. 00:00:06,681 --> 00:00:11,036 单音节动词 单音节动词的重叠式是 AA 或 A 一
Monosyllabic Verbs The reduplication of Monosyllabic Verbs is AA or A yi A, A，那么这个 A 呢代表动词，动词的一个音节 AA and here A stands for a syllable of a verb 中的第二个音节呢一般呢轻读 A 一 A 中的"一"呀轻读 The second syllable of AA is a weakly stressed syllable. The "Yi" in “A一A” is a weakly stressed syllable. 我们来看一下例子 说，我们会说：说 Let's have a look at the examples: speak We can speak: 一说，这个"说"轻读了 第二个例子：写，写一写，这个"一"呀是轻读的 "Shuo yi shuo" the second "shuo" is a unstressed syllable. Example two: write "Xie yi xie" is also weakly stressed syllable. 2. 双音节动词 双音节动词的重叠式一般是 The Disyllabic Verbs The reduplication of the disyllabic verbs is ABAB，那么 A、 B 呢代表动词的两个音节 第二、 ABAB, A and B stand for the two syllable of the verb. The second 第四个音节呢是轻读，我们来看一下例子 学习，我们说学 and the forth syllable is the weakly stressed syllables. Let's have a look at the examples: study we could say : · 习学 · 习，也就是说这个"习" 轻读了，学习学习。 "Xuexi xuexi","xi"is weakly stressed in the word. 休息，那么说成什么呢？休息休息，轻读 这个轻读。 How to say have a rest? "Xiuxi xiuxi". "xi" is weakly stressed in the word. 讨论，我们说讨论 讨论，这个"论"呢是轻的，读的轻声 Have a discussion.We say "Taolun taolun". "lun" is weakly stressed in the word. （二）动词重叠式的语法意义 The Grammatical Meaning of Verb Reduplication 动词重叠式的基本语法意义是表示行为动作持续一段时间 或者是重复。 The Grammatical Meaning of Verb Reduplication is verbs of actions and behaviour can be lasted or reduplicated. 我们来看一下例子，例一：咱们看看 地图吧。 Let's have a look at the next example.Example one:Let's have a look at the map. 这个"看看"实际上是说什么呢？就是看一看，就是看持续了一段时间 或者是重复了。 What does "Kan kan" indicate?It means "Kan yi kan"，that is to say the action can be lasted or reduplicated. 例二：我们在公园走了走 这个"走了走"，或者"走走"那么也是说呢走了一段时间，或者是 走呢重复了。 Example two:We are walking in the park."Zou le zou" or "Zou zou" is also to say the action of walk lasted some time. 第三例：大家商量商量再做决定。 Example three:Let's have a discussion before we make a decision. 那么"商量商量"是什么呢？ 也是说商量一会儿，或者商量这个动作的一个重复 What does "Shangliang shangliang" mean? That is to say we will discuss for a while or the action of discuss is reduplicated. （三）动词重叠情况 汉语的动词有的可以重叠，有的不能。 Reduplications of verbs in Chinese Verbs that can be reduplicated and verbs that cannot 能重叠的呢一般是表示行为、 动作的。 Verbs of actions and behaviour can be reduplicated. 我们来看一下例子：看 For example: look 我们说可以重叠，说看看，说可以说说，问呢也可以说 问问，听也可以是听听。 We could say "Kankan,shuoshuo,wenwen or tingting", 那么看、 说、 问、 听都是什么呢？ 都是行为动作动词，所以呢可以重叠 Why? "kan, shuo, wen, ting" are verbs of actions which can be reduplicated. 汉语中不能重叠的动词啊也很多 那么下列动词啊都不能重叠。 The following kinds of verbs cannot be reduplicated. 第一类是什么呢？趋向动词，所谓的趋向表示方向的 像来、 去、 The first kind is verbs showing directions,such as "lai,qv, 进、 出那么是一般是不可以重叠 第二类是状态动词，所谓状态动词表示心 jin,chu", they can not be reduplicated.The second kind is state verb which indicating mental 理或者生理的一种情况的，比如说怕、 恨、 爱、 害怕，那么 一般呢也不能重叠。 or physiological activities,Such as "pa,hen,ai,haipa".Generally, they also can not be reduplicated. 第三例是关系动词，也就是表示主语和宾语的关系的，这样的动词像在、 The third kind is relation verbs which is indicating the relationships between the subjets and the objects,such as "zai, 是、 有、 属于呢也不能重叠 （四）动词重叠式的作用 shi,you,shuyu" also can not be reduplicated. The function of verb reduplication 动词重叠式可以做谓语、 宾语、 主语等 1. Verb reduplication as a predicate ,object ,subject and so on. 1. 做谓语。 As a predicate 做谓语式动词重叠式的基本作用 我们来看一下例子，例一：你看看 Let's have a look at the usage of the verb reduplication as a predicate.Example one,Please have a look "看看"，是做谓语，"你"呢是主语，来说明"看"的 第二例：大家讨论讨论吧！"讨论讨论"呢 "kankan" is a predicate,"你"is the subject used to illustrate "kan"
Example two,Let's discuss it!"taolun taolun" 也是做谓语来说明这个"大家"的，主语"大家"的 2. is a a predicate used to illustrate "dajia" which as the subject.2. 做宾语 动词重叠式也可以做宾语，但宾语动词呢多是表示心理状态的 As a object.Verb reduplication can serve as object, usually indicate one's mental state. 我们来看一下例子，例一：我希望看看 这个"看看"是做"希望"这个动词的宾语的 Let's have a look at example one,"I hope to have a look.""kankan"here is served as the object of the verb "xiwang". 第二例：大家想休息休息。 Example two,"Everybody wants to have a rest." 那么"休息休息" 也是一个宾语，做"想"的宾语，那么这个 "xiuxi xiuxi" is the object of "xiang",and both "希望""想"呢都是表示心理状态的动词 3. "xiwang"and "xiang" are all verbs that represennted the state of mental.3. 做主语 动词重叠式也可以做主语。 As a subject.Verb reduplication can serve as subject. 我们来看一下例子，例一 试试行吗？这个"试试"那么在这呢是一个主语，也就是一个 topic。 Let's have a look at example one,"Can you have a try?""shishi"is a subject, a topic. 第二例：看看没坏处 这个"看看"也是一个主语，所以也是一个 Example two,"It doesn't hurt to have a look at it.""kankan"is a subject, also a topic （五）动词重叠式的宾语 topic （五） The object of verb reduplication 动词重叠式可以带宾语，宾语呢主要有 如下几种。 The object of verb reduplication can be grouped into four kinds. 1. 名词（短语） 我们来看两个例子，第一例：问问老师吧 Noun (Noun Phrase) Let's have a look at two examples，example one“Let's go and see the teacher.” 那么这个"老师"是"问问"这个重叠式的宾语 所以这个老师呢是一个名词。 "Laoshi"is the object of the reduplication"wenwen","laoshi"here is served as a noun. 你查查词典 "词典"也是个宾语，它是"查查"的宾语，那么这个"词典"呢是一个，也是一个名词 2. "you could look up the word in the dictionary. "
"cidian"is the object of the reduplication "chacha","cidian"here is also served as a noun.2. 代词或者是"代词+（数词）+量词+（名词）" Pronouns or "Pronoun+(Numerals)+Measure wouds+(Nouns) 我们来看一下例子，例一：你去 找找他。 Let's have a look at example one:"You can go and see him." 这个"他"是"找找"的宾语，那么 "他"这个代词。 "Ta"is the object of "zhaozhao","ta"is a pronoun. 第二例：让我看看这（一）本 这（一）本是什么呢？是代词加上数词加上量词 Example two,"Let me see what's this."The pronoun+(Numerals)+Measure wouds as 所以它做什么呢？"看看"的宾语。 the object of "kankan". "的"字短语。 "De" phrases. 我们看第一例 你看看她写的。 Example one,"Look at what he write doown." 那么"看看"的宾语是什么呢？"她写的"，"她写的"就是一个的字短语，也就是一个"的" What is the object of "kankan"?It's"ta xie de"."她写的"is a "De" phrases."De" phrases is one in which the structual particle "De" is 由"的"构成了一个结构或者是一个短语 第二例：尝尝我做的。 attatched to a notional word or phrase which refers to a person or thing.Example two,"Try what I made." "我做的"也是一个的字短语 所以呢做动词重叠式"尝尝"的宾语 4. "Wo zuo de "is also a "De" phrases as the object of verb reduplication "changchang". 4. 主谓短语。 The subject-predicate phrase. 我们看一看第一例 问问谁愿意参加这次比赛 Let's have a look at example one:"I'll ask who would like to take part in the competition." "这次比赛"是一个什么呢？就是一个主谓短语，就像一个句子一样 所以呢它做这个重叠式"问问"的宾语。 What is "the game"?It's a subject-predicate phrase which looks like a sentence.
It can serve as the object of verb reduplication"wenwen". 第二例：我们讨论讨论 这事应该怎么办。 Example two,"Let's discuss what should we do now." "这事应该怎么办"呢也是一个主谓短语，就是说像一个句子一样 "What should we do"is a subject-predicate phrase which looks like a sentence. 所以呢它是做"讨论讨论"这个重叠式的宾语的 It can also serve as the object of verb reduplication"taolun taolun". 注意，动词重叠式不能带数量（名）宾语 Please pay attention to the verb reduplication couldn't be together with object which is "Numerals+Measure wouds+Nouns" structure. 我们来看下面的例子就比较清楚了，例一：我喝喝两瓶啤酒。 It's plain to everybody according to the following examples,example one:"I will have two bottles of beers." 这个句子 大家看是错了，错误的，为什么？ The sentence is wrong,why? 是"两瓶啤酒"是一个宾语，做"喝喝"的宾语，但是呢它是一个 数量名，所以呢这个句子就错了。 "两瓶啤酒"is the object of "hehe",but it's a "Numerals+Measure wouds+Nouns" structure. 那么正确的说法应该说什么呢？我喝两瓶啤酒 不能说喝喝两瓶啤酒。 What is the correct statement?It's "wo he liangping pijiu",not "hehe liangping pijiu". 第二例：妈妈做了做几个菜 这个句子也是错的，为什么？几个菜是 Example two:"Mum prepared several dishes."This sentence is also wrong,why? "jigecai" is 做"做了做"这个重叠式的宾语，那么它是一个数量名 the object of "zuolezuo" which is also a "Numerals+Measure wouds+Nouns" structure. 所以呢是错的，那么应该说什么呢？妈妈做了几个菜 用"做"也就是说不能用重叠式 So it's wrong.What is the correct statement?It's "Mama zuole jigecai"."Zuo"can not use the eclipsed form. （六）动词重叠式使用时要注意的问题 1. （六）Notes of the verb reduplication 1. 动词重叠式常用于祈使句中 语气呢比较缓和。 Verb reduplication often used in imperative sentences,it expresses meaning in a circumlocutory tone. 我们来看一下例子，第一例：咱们问问老师吧！ 问问老师吧！这是一个祈使句，就是表示 Let's have a look at example one:"Let's go and see the teacher." "Wenwen laoshi ba！" is a imperative sentence, 请求，请求的句子，所以呢我们说它用了什么呢？问问 第二例：明天晚上大家一起聊聊。 it expresses a request mood by using "问问". Example two:"Let's have a chat together tomorrow night." 那么用的 也是重叠式，这个也是一种祈使句，也是表示一种请求 It's also a imperative sentence which expresses a request mood by using the eclipsed form. 或者是愿望的，所以呢我们说它也用的一个重叠式，重叠式 2. So we could say it's a verb reduplication. 2. 动词重叠式可以表示经常性的或没有确定时间的动作 The verb reduplication can be used to indicate movements of regular or indefinite time 那么含有什么呢？"轻松""随便"的意思，我们来看一下例子就比较清楚 例一：到处走走，看看，重叠式 It means relax or casual.Let us see some examples to be clear
Example one, I walk around to have a look.Reduplication. 就不会有烦恼了 那么第二例：周末我在宿舍听听音乐 without worrying.Example two,I spent the weekend in the dorm listening to music, 看看电视、 做做作业，一点也不寂寞 watching TV,doing homework,therefore I am not lonely. 那么这个含有什么呢？到处走走，看看，那么含有什么呢？ "轻松"啊"随便"的意思。 What does it mean by "daochu zouzou,kankan"?It means relax or casual. 周末我在宿舍听听音乐、 看看电视、 做做作业，也是含有什么呢？ "轻松"或者"随便"的意思 3. The sentence of example two also has the meaning of relax or casual. 动词重叠式经常用于表达主观愿望 含有委婉的意思，就是比较客气的意思。 Verb reduplication usually be used to express the subjective wishes, with a tactful way to express meaning politely. 我们来看一下例子就比较清楚了 例一：我想去中国看看。 Let us see some examples to be clear Example one, I would really like to see chinas. 那么这是一种愿望 就是自己的希望。 It's a hope or wish. 第二例：你再给我们讲讲吧。 Example two:Tell me something more about it. 这是什么呢？也是一种愿望 一种希望，所以呢用这样的说法就含有呢比较委婉 It's also a hope or wish.Therefore,express the subjective wishes 委婉的意思，比较客气的 4. with a tactful way.4. 动词重叠式 只有下面两种情况下才有否定式 Verb reduplication there are only two cases use the negative type （1）用于疑问句或反问句中。 （1）Interrogative or rhetorical question 我们来看一下例子，第一例 你不洗洗脸？大家看一看"洗洗"是一个重叠式，它的前面呢有一个"不" Let us see some examples,example one,
Why not wash your face?"xixi"is a reduplication,there was a "bu" before it. 是一个否定的，但是它是一个问句，问句，疑问句 It's negtive,but it's a interrogative sentence. 第二例：妈妈没嘱咐嘱咐你吗？ 这个是什么呢？"嘱咐嘱咐"也是一个动词重叠式，它的前面有一个否定词 Example two,Don't your Mum told you about it?
What does it means?"Zhufu zhufu" is also a verb reduplication,there is a negative word before it. 否定词"没"，所以呢它是，也是一种问句，是一种反问句 The negator "mei",therefore it's also a a rhetorical question （2）用于假设句 （2）Hypothetical sentence 或者是条件句中，那么这种情况下呢多是呢双音节动词的重叠式 or conditional sentence,most cases are disyllable verb's reduplication 我们来看一下例子，例一：不调查调查可不行 Let us see some examples,example one,"No investigation is impossible." "调查调查"是一个重叠式，那么它的前面又有一个否定词"不" "Diaocha diaocha"is a reduplication with a negtive word "bu" 那么我们说"调查"是两个汉字的双音节的 所以呢它，这是一种什么呢？ "Diaocha"is a disyllable verb,so what does it means? 不调查调查可不行，实际是什么？如果是不调查调查不行的意思，所以是一种假设 假设句。 It's impossible without investigation,actually,it means if you aren't made clear through the investigation,this probably bad. 第二例：不准备准备肯定考不好 那么"准备准备"是一个重叠式，前面出现了否定词"不" Example two: If you don't prepare in advance,you will do badly in an exam."zhunbei zhunbei"is a a reduplication with a negtive word "bu". 那么不准备准备肯定考不好，它的意思 就是什么呢？是如果不准备准备呢就考不好，也是一种假设 So what does the sentence mean?It means without advance preparation,you wouldn't pass the exam. 假设的，假设句。 It's a hypothetical sentence. 动词重叠式不能带"了""着""过" verb's reduplication can not followed by "le""zhe""guo". 前面不能出现"正""正在""在"等表示行为动作进行或持续的副词 Ahead of them can not appear "zheng""zhengzai""zai"etc.adverb that represents action or continuation.
