三. III. 给字句。 Sentence pattern of “gei” 那么给加上名词或者短语的 这样的句子，我们叫什么呢？给字句。 Sentences added with nouns or phrases are sentence pattern of “gei”. 那么，给加上名词（短语）的，它的位置主要有以下的情况，一. Then, after being given the noun (phrase), its position mainly has the following situation. One, 给加名词或短语加上动词，主要有五种情况，比较多，比较复杂。 There are five main situations in which a verb is added to a noun or a phrase. It is more complicated. 第一种情况，给加上名词（短语）。 In the first case, a noun (phrase) is added. 这个名词短语表示交付或者是传递的 接受者。 This noun phrase indicates the delivery or the recipient of delivery. 我们来看一下例子就比较清楚。 Some examples make you clear. 比如说：回国以后给我 来封信，来封信。 For example: “hui guo yi hou gei wo lai feng xin, lai feng xin.” (send me a letter after returning home) 给我是什么呢？其实就是来信的对象。 What is “wo”? It is the object of letter. 是传递的对象，也就是信，从写信人的那个地方传到收信人 It is the object of transmission, that is, the letter, from the place where the writer is sent to the recipient 这个地方，所以呢，这个给我是一个什么呢？传递的对象，第二例：你给妈妈打个电话, Therefore, the “wo” is the object of transmission. Example two: “ ni gei ma ma da ge dian hua.” (Please call mother). 给妈妈，给妈妈是什么呢？就是电话的接受者。 What is “ma ma”? it is the recipient of telephone. 也就是电话从打电话人那里传递到 妈妈那里，所以这是第一种情况。 That is, the phone is passed from the caller to the mother, so this is the first case. 第二种情况，给加上名词或者短语， 这个名词或者短语表示动作的受益者。 In the second case, a noun or phrase is added, and the noun or phrase indicates the beneficiary of the action. 所谓的受益者就是得到了好处的人，我们来看一下例子。 The so-called beneficiaries are the people who get the benefits. Let's take a look at the examples. 第一例：老师今天给我们辅导，那么，给我们辅导是什么意思呢？ The first example: “lao shi jin tian gei wo men fu dao.” (The teacher gave us guidance today.) So, what does it mean to give us guidance? 辅导以后，我们得到好处，我们的汉语水平提高了，我们的汉语进步了，所以是 受益者。 After the guidance, we get knowledge. Our Chinese are promoted. Therefore, we are beneficiaries. 第二例：他给我当翻译。 The second example: “ta gei wo dang fan yi.” (He translates for me.) 那么，这个我也是一种受益者，对不对？那么，通过翻译呢，我明白了, 我懂了别人说的话，所以我得到好处。 I am a beneficiary, right? After the translation, I have understood what the other
People said, so I got benefits. 那么，这个也是一种受益，也是一种受益的， 受益者。 This is also a kind of beneficiary. 三. III. 给加上名词或者短语，这个名词（短语）表示动作的 受损者。 When a noun or phrase is added, the noun (phrase) indicates the loser of this action 这个是第二，跟第二种情况是相反的情况。 This is opposite to the second situation above. 我们来看一下例子。 Let us see some examples. 例一：自行车我给你弄丢了。 Example one: “zi xing che wo gei ni nong diu le.” (I lost your bike.) 这个给你，这个你是个倒霉的，倒霉的人，对不对？ “zhe ge gei ni.” (here you are). You are luckless, right? 那个也就是说你的自行车丢了，所以这是一种受损。 Your bike was lost. This is a lose 就是受到的损失，所以这样的就是也是一种对象。 This is also an object. 小心别把玻璃给人家打破了。 “xiao xin bie ba bo li gei ren jia da po le.” (be careful, do not break others’ glass) 这个人家， 人家是一个什么呢？受损的 What is “ren jia”? it is a loser. 受损者，为什么呢？打破了人家的玻璃，破了，所以人家呢，有 损失，所以就叫受损者。 Why? if the glass is broken, the “ren jia” will be the loser of glass. 这种情况下，我们也可以用给，给，给什么人。 In this condition, “gei” is also ok to be used here. 四. IV. 给加上名词或者短语。 After being added with nouns or phrases 这个名词（短语）表示对象，或者是说话人的意志。 The noun (phrase) represents an object or speaker’s will 我们来看一下例子：我的词典不见了，你给我 找找。 Let us see some examples. “wo de ci dian bu jian le, ni gei wo zhao zhao.” (my dictionary was lost, please help me find it). 这个找找，这个 给我的我是什么呢？是一种对象，也就说替我找找，这个意思。 What is the “wo”? it is a object. The meaning of “gei wo zhao zhao” is the same as “ti wo zhao zhao”. 找找，也是替我，我没有时间，没有功夫，你替我就是 你找的对象，替别人找。 I have no time to find the dictionary, so I ask you help me. 第二例：老师给我们讲了一个笑话。 Example two: “lao shi gei wo men jiang le yi ge xiao hua.” (our teacher told us a joke). 这个给我们是什么意思呢？ 也是一个对象，也就是讲笑话的对象。 What is the “wo men”? it is also an object, the object of joke been told) 就是听者 也是一种对象。 In other words, it is the listener, an object. 所以呢，这是第四种情况。 In hence, this is the fourth condition. 第五种情况，就是给加上名词或者短语呢，表示 被动。 The fifth condition. After being added with nouns or phrases, it has passive meaning. 我们看一下例子，就是清楚了。 Some examples make you clear. 第一例： 门给风吹开了。 Example one: “men gei feng chui kai le.” (The door was opened by wind.) 那么，这个给风是什么意思呢？ 实际上就是说被风的意思。 What does the “gei feng” mean? It has the same meaning of “bei feng”. 口语中，我们用给。 The “gei” is used in the oral Chinese. 门被风吹开了。 “men bei feng chui kai le” can also be used in oral Chinese like 我们说给风吹开了。 “men gei feng chui kai le.” 第二例：电视机给弟弟弄坏了。 Example two, “dian shi ji gei di di nong huai le.” (The television was broken by my brother.) 这个给加上弟弟是什么意思呢？ 不是送给弟弟这个意思，也不是受损者。 What does the “gei di di” mean? It does not mean “song gei di di” (give it to my brother), 这个是什么呢？就是被弟弟弄坏了。 But “bei di di nong huai le.” ( it was broken by my brother.) 所以，我们口语呢， 也用给来表示什么呢？被，被的意思，这是一种，也是一种另外一种 Therefore, the “gei” has the same meaning of “bei” in the oral Chinese. This is another 表示被动的说法。 passive expression 二. II. 动词加给加上名词（短语）。 Verbs+ gei+ noun (phrase) 这种情况就是什么意思呢?就是给加名词（短语）放在了 动词的后面，这个动词呢，一般是表示给予意义的, What does this mean? The verbs here refer to “gei yu”(giving) 什么叫给予意义？就是把东西送给别人， 这样的意思。 What is “gei yu”? Give something to others. 我们来看一下这样的动词有哪些呢？"留、 送、 发、 借、 卖、 租、 还、 寄"。 These types of verbs include “ liu, song, fa, jie, mai, zu, huan, ji.” 这些动词都含有给的意思， 送的意思，所以我们叫给予意义。 The verbs above have the meaning of giving, so we call it as “gei yu yi yi” (the meaning of giving). 就是它的意思有送的意思，或者是给的意思。 In other words, they have the meaning of “song” or “gei”. 我们来看一下例子就比较清楚。 Some examples make you clear. 这些钱留给你。 “zhe xie qian liu gei ni” (The money is left to you.) 给你在后面，为什么呢？留含有什么呢？送的意思。 The “gei ni” is placed behind. Why? what does the “liu” mean? It means “song”. 把东西留给别人，就是把东西送给别人，一样的意思。 The “ba dong xi liu gei bie ren” has the same meaning of “ba song xi song gei bie ren” (give something to somebody). 所以呢，这个给你在后面。 Therefore, the “gei ni” is placed behind. 第二例：妈妈送给我一个新书包。 Example two, “ma ma song gei wo yi ge xin shu bao” (my mom give me a new school bag). 那么，这个送 更有给予意义。 Here the “song” has deep meaning of giving. 送本身就是给嘛。 The “song” has the same meaning of “gei” (give). 所以呢， 给我也放在了送的后面，也就是说不可以 Therefore, if the “gei wo” is placed after “song” or 放在前面，放在这个地方是不可以，给你，放在留的前面。 before “song”, or the “gei ni” is placed before “liu”, 也是不行的。 this sentence will be wrong 这种情况下，这个给 加上名词呢，注意这个位置非常重要，一定要放在 In this condition, the position of “gei +noun” is very important. It shall be placed 动词的后面，不能放在动词的前面，否则的话，就是错的。 after a verb. If not, the sentence will be wrong.
