Now, I want to introduce another tool. This one has also been developed by a group of researchers, in this case, from INRIA in France, and it's called the Bertifier. These names come from Jack Burton who is a very famous cartographer who contributed a lot of advanced knowledge about visualization. In particular, some of the work that he has done is about what is called the re-orderable matrix, which is basically techniques to reorder a matrix visualization to make some patterns apparent. The Bertifier is a very nice, little interactive tool that reconstructs the idea of reordering matrices which was originally developed by Jack Burton. So, let's take a look at the demo. We present Bertifier, tool that allows users to format their spreadsheets in order to explore and present the data visually based on the method of the cartographer, Jack Burton. Suppose, Clara is preparing a newspaper article on European value. She compiles a Google spreadsheet where each column is a country and each row contains information about this country. She took most of her data from a survey on European values, for example, the percentage of people who believe in God or who find that a good pay is important for a job. It is impossible for her to see any pattern, so she decides to bertify it. For this, she just publishes her spreadsheet to the web, opens the Bertifier web page and pastes the table's URL. She sees the same numerical table and cannot edit the cells anymore, but she can transform it in a number of ways. When Clara moves her mouse outside the table, a grey framed appears that contains formatting tools. All tools on the left affect entire rows while tools on the top effect columns. Tools on the right affect the space between rows and tools on the bottom the affect the space between columns. When she moves her mouse on top of any tool icon, the tool tip appears at the top of the page to recall its function. Tools are organized in groups. Clara first expands the Minsk group and clicks on the edge icon adjacent to the first row to mark it as a header row. She does the same for the left column. Then she expands the shapes group in order to turn numeric values into shapes. She clicks on the circle icon next to the first row of the table in order to turn this values into black circles and squares. She's satisfied, so she presses the same icon on the next row and drags down until the last row. This instantly turns all table cells into circles and squares. Now, Clara wants a more compact table. Each row can be resized independently using the slider placed next to it. Moving the slider to the right increases row height while moving it to the left decreases it. She sets all rows to the minimum size by pressing on the top most slider, drags down until the last row, then drags left to modify all selected sliders. She does the same for columns. She also zooms in using the provided functionality of the browser. Now she wants to tidy up the table. She drags over all black arrow icons which immediately rearranges runs by visual similarity, which moves similar countries next to each other. She does the same for rows, now indicators that are similar are close to each other. To better see similarities, she removes the grid by setting white separators and black separators to their minimum value. Clara continues to format the table to exhibit more patterns and convey a clear message. This includes inverting the values of a row, importance of a good pay, to better share this correlation with another one, the household income. She also emphasizes two rows of a specific type by changing their visual encoding, increasing the height and dragging them aside. She encodes women's suffrage year using lines and household income using a bar chart. She can choose to reorder only a subset of the rows or to reorder all rows. Now she can already see country groups with Czech Republic in-between that she moves way. Finally, Clara adds separators and annotations to emphasize groups. So, as you can see from the second demo, reordering is very powerful and it can be used in many different ways. I think in general, the main purpose of reordering is always to make some patterns apparent or to enable some specific kind of visual search. One last thing I want to say about reordering is that we have two types of reordering. Reordering can be completely automated. What I mean is that the way something is reordered depends on some kind of algorithm or metric, or it can be completely manual. It's just the user who is selecting some elements and reordering them on the screen according to a specific desired configuration.
