Hello, welcome to the second edition of the Internet of Things. As we said before, Internet of Things is a platform that built on multiple technologies. And as technologies go, we need to consider the printing press, the telephone, and the Internet that had huge impact on humanity and the world around us. To understand why this was so, we need to look at the things that are common to these three technologies. To start with, they all had meteoric race. [COUGH] The number of books that were printed starting with the invention of the printing press just exploded exponentially. A lot of the books at that time were Bible and maps that enable people to explore the world around us. There were scientific treatments that explained the nature around us and about ourselves. And you could print these at one time and share your knowledge with millions of people around us. So all this led to us being able to fight wars much better in the name of religion, for looking for resources at the far ends of the corner, and we also learned to make peace much better. And the technologies that came based on these principles, other communication and consumer electronics, they all had similar meteoric race. They were completely impervious to recessions and when wars or other things happened, they only fueled the growth of these technologies. And in the end, they made everybody extremely rich. This is the per capita GDP from 1000 AD till now 2000. And you can see the inflection point right around the Industrial Age. And that's the World Wide Web, and we're still looking at the oncoming growth due to Internet of Things. But in addition to all of these, these technologies had one more really important thing in common, that is communication. And to understand the power of communication I would like to play a little clip from one of my favorite bands, Pink Floyd, it's called Keep Talking, Jimmy. [MUSIC] >> For millions of years mankind lived just like the animals. [MUSIC] Then something happen which unleashed the power of our imagination. We learned to talk. [MUSIC] It doesn't have to be like this. All we need to do is make sure we keep talking. >> This is really profound. Let's parse each one of those. For million of years mankind lived just like the animals. To be exact it took us about 6 million years to learn how to walk on two feet. And this required us to coordinate the visual sensory system, the vestibular sensory system, and the proprioception where our ankles and knee muscles and the skin at the bottom of our feet. Combining all of them to correct between the design orientation that we want to have with where exactly we are. And activating the musculoskeletal system so that we can maintain balance, so that we can walk, so that we can run, and get away from the predators. This is such a complex task that over those 6 million years our brains became five times bigger compared to all mammals relative to body size. And with respect to the other primates, our brains were three times bigger. And this happened mainly because by walking on two feet, we were able to scavenge and hunt and gather much better food and feed the growing brains. And around 50,000 years ago, we learned to build those much before that, but around 50,000 years ago as we were hunting and gathering, we were in the hands busy, eyes busy situation much, much longer. And this is when we learned how to use local communication, local signals to convey more complex ideas. And this is where language was born about 50,000 years or so ago. And this really unleashed the power of our imagination. So we are the only animals that can walk on two feet without the benefit of wings or tail. But more importantly, language is unique to humans. Other living things do communicate, but not in the abstract way that people define language as. And [COUGH] excuse me, so this really enabled us to make innovations in multiple areas including healthcare. We conquered infectious diseases, chronic diseases like metabolic disorders, diabetes, and acute diseases. We made so many improvements in surgical intervention and antiseptic surgeries, antibiotics that we were living much, much longer. And as we live much longer, there is natural decline in our sensory systems, in our brain, the cortical processing, and even our motor control systems. But more importantly, as you're not able to communicate with others, hear what they're saying, see them, participate in activities of daily living, that leads to many cognitive disorders. And this is where you can see that you can almost feel the silence surrounding you and you can't think straight. So taking the society away from us. We are social animals, we've been like this for millions of years. And towards the tail end of our life, due to injury or due to aging, that really hurts. And, So some of the examples are sensory impairments that technology can do really well to compensate, the motor skills. We can do a lot of things. And even on cognitive disorders, we are making great innovations and this is [COUGH] really where it doesn't have to be like this. We need to make sure we keep that social connection and we keep exercising, keep talking, and keep walking. And this is where the Internet of Things, the convergence of multiple technologies come together. Specifically, we'll be talking about circuit switched networks, packet switched networks, computer telephony integration, and how all of these technologies became mobile with wireless, all the extra sensors and apps and features on your smartphones. And all of this combined is what we call the Internet of Things, the IoT platform. And what does the future hold for all of this? Clearly the common wisdom is self-driving automobiles, machine learning and artificial intelligence, drones, so on and so forth. That's really what you see when you, Look at IoT applications in Google or common media or in your school. The part that we are specifically focusing on is healthcare applications, for hearing loss and hearing healthcare, falls risk assessment and prevention, sports concussion, mild traumatic brain injury, stroke, and rehab, and remote monitoring, ECG and EEG signals. And also there are many, many subjective assessments that the healthcare professionals use. And we can use the sensing aspects of the IoT to make some of these assessments more objective and improve diagnostics and the way they intervene in providing care. So the series overview is we have a total of five courses that we have significantly changed compare to the first edition. The first course is how did we get here, a historical perspective, very interesting on its own. And in the second course, we combined the out-of-the-box experience with the single board computer. We are using Dragonboard 410c. And how you can connect it to various sensors and actuate based on what you sense. And in Course-3, We talk about how to take all of this data into the cloud and leverage cloud services to send information back to the variable devices or the sensors. Course-4 is communication technologies. Think of it mostly as one-dimensional signal processing, voice and voice over IP. And we also added MIDI as another powerful way of actuating the sound and music. Course-5 is multimedia technologies. We will be focusing a lot on cameras, image processing and video processing, and what we hope you will be able to do is put all of these together and create fantastic capstone projects. So to motivate you, we will show you some examples of the capstone projects that we have put together, enjoy. Jimmy?
