So, I would like to talk briefly about the different ways we can stitch these different blog diagrams. And what we saw before, we started with the real world signals, sensing and acqulation. It doesn't have to be like that. There are sometimes. Real world phenomenon that we cannot directly observe. So we start with activation first, that is create some signal to change the real world and then we go and sense what. Changes we have made in the real world and this will let us observe the parameters that we could not observe directly. So let me give an example to illustrate what exactly I mean. This is a pulse oximeter, [COUGH] it's a medical device that was invented in the early 70s. Very shortly between ten years, it became a standard issue in many healthcare and fitness applications including anesthesia during surgeries, respiratory problems or mountaineering or climbing Everest, so on and so forth. The task is to see if all body parts are getting enough oxygen. So we look at the arteries in the periphery, the finger or the ear lobe and the heart pumps oxygen to the blood. There is a pulsatile flow reaching the tissues. So if you try and read the LED on one side and you have a photodetector on the other side, depending on the oxygen content the signal that the photo diode keeps changing. In fact, in a pulse oximeter you have two LEDs. One is a red LED and one is an infrared LED that is used as a baseline ad this are lit alternatively, so that you can look at the signal that comes out of the photodetector and do some simple math to calculate the O2 level. It is called SpO2, saturation of peripheral oxygen. The invention of pulse oximeter and transport many many innovations in anesthesia and surgical care. So the point I'm trying to make is you could not directly look at the oxygen in your blood, but by actuating first and sensing later, you actually build a really clever system. Here is another example, motion capture. Again, this is also based on infrared cameras and sensing the reflections. The connect and video games work like this. They're many Hollywood animations that measure slight, ever so slight, changes in the body movements that are used in animations, Pixar and Disney movies. [COUGH] In fact, for a useful IoT application, sometimes you don't even need to have both sensing and the actuation parts. In some cases, just desensing pipeline is adequate to build a very useful application. Typically in these cases, the recipient of the information is an expert in the dummy. One of the examples is in the healthcare, in the ICU or hospital floors. There are many, many parameters. This is a multi parameter system that actually monitors the patients health. You have the ECG, you have the respiratory rate, you have the blood pressure, you have the temperature, so on and so forth. Similarly on the actuation side, you can build a very useful product without having any of these sensing and this is the example for the iPod, Pandora, e-reader. In summary, we have actually looked at the different sensing and actuation paradigms. You do not need to have both the sensing and actuation or in that order. You can have it reversed or you could have just one, the sensing part or the actuation part. So keep thinking about all of these different modes. You can stitch these different blocks together as you get yourself familiarized with the dragon board and interfacing different sensors and keep thinking about how you would use these capabilities in your capstone or to advance your ideas.