Today, we will learn the expressions related to the film festival and also learn how to make opposite expressions by using the Sino-Korean word '비' which means 'non-'. ''Seoul International Youth Film Festival' is an international film festival that has already celebrated its 19th anniversary this year since its opening in 1999.' Here, '경쟁(competition)' means that people compete to beat the opponent. And the competitive section in the film festival indicates a field that people evaluate the movies and award prizes. When the curtain is raised, the performance starts and when the curtain is lowered, the performance ends. In the movie theater, there isn't any curtain actually but the expression '막을 올리다(raise the curtain)' is used because it is a festival. We often use the expression '막을 올리다(raise the curtain)' when the festival starts and '막을 내리다(lower the curtain)' when the festival ends. The curtain of the Winter Olympics finally went up.(The Winter Olympics finally began.) The curtain was lowered after the play, but the audience did not leave. Like in those sentences, '막을 올리다(raise the curtain)' can also be used in a form of '막이 오르다(curtain rises)', '막을 열다(open the curtain)', '막이 열리다(curtain is opened)', and '개막하다(open)'. And '막이 내리다(curtain drops)' can also be used in a form of '막을 닫다(close the curtain)', '막이 닫히다(curtain is closed)', and '폐막하다(end)'. Now, let's take a look at how to make opposite expressions by using the Sino-Korean word '비'. "The film festival is largely composed of competitive section and non-competitive section." Here, '경쟁(competition)' means that people compete to beat the opponent. And the competitive section in the film festival indicates a field that people evaluate the movies and award prizes. '비경쟁' is a combination of the Sino-Korean word, '비' and the word, '경쟁'. It means 'not try to compete'. Like this, if you add the Sino-Korean word '비' to certain words, it becomes an antonym. Let's take some examples. Normal. Abnormal. When everything is normal without any special change, we call the condition normal. On the other hand, when something has changed and become weird, we call the condition abnormal. The patient was normal until yesterday, but his(her) body temperature and pulse was abnormal this morning. Like this, '비' is used to make an opposite meaning. Efficiency. Inefficiency. You can say it's efficient if it works better than what you put in. And you can say it's inefficient if it works poorly compared to the level of the effort. As corporate resources are limited, it should be managed efficiently. As corporate resources are limited, it shouldn't be managed inefficiently. '비' can be used in the sentence like this. Today, we have studied the expressions related to the film festivals such as ‘막이 오르다(the curtain goes up),’ ‘막을 열다(raise the curtains)’, ‘막이 열리다(the curtains rise).’ ‘개막하다(open the curtains),’ ‘막이 내리다(the curtain goes down),’ ‘막을 닫다(draw the curtains),’ ‘막이 닫히다(the curtains fall),’ and ‘폐막하다(close the curtains).’ The expression ‘막(curtain)’ here refers to a fabric used mainly to cover the stage. So, these expressions can be used not only in film festivals but also in plays, musicals, and concerts. And we have learned the expressions using the Chinese character ‘비(非)-.’ This is a prefix that contains the meaning of ‘non’ or ‘not’. As a result, if this prefix ‘비(非)-’ is attached in front of certain noun, it represents the opposite word, right? For example, 경쟁(competition), 비경쟁(non-competition), 정상(normal), 비정상(abnormal), 효율적(efficiency), 비효율적(inefficiency). Besides that, it would be fun to look up other words in the dictionary with the word attached to ‘비(非)-’, right? Then, this is the end of the class. Thank you.
