Today, let's learn the expression related to the people who need help or support. First of all, it's the expression that has appeared twice. Let's look at the sentence. “When it comes to refugees, people often think of them as people who are in trouble because of wars or disasters.” “Refugees are people who are forced to leave their home countries to escape from persecution and placed in a situation that they cannot be protected by their countries.” Here, '-에 처하다' means that someone is placed in a situation or status and it is used mostly in negative ways. That's why the words such as '어려움(difficulty)', '위기(crisis)', '역경(adversity)', '곤경(trouble)', '위험(danger)' comes before the expression '-에 처하다'. When used with neutral words, it expresses conditions or position that indicates certain state. Shall we take an example? He helped me silently when I was in trouble. It means that when the speaker was in trouble, that is, when he/she was placed in a difficult situation, the person helped the speaker. Let's take a look at next example. Due to the economic depression, businesses are in crisis that is on the verge of bankruptcy. Being in crisis that is on the verge of bankruptcy. Bankruptcy indicates a situation that you can't receive the money you are owed on time. On the verge of bankruptcy means that you're in a situation that the business may fail because you can't get the money you need to get by the time appointed. That means the business can fail because they don't get paid because of the poor economy. Next, I couldn't understand my brother's decision because I didn't know what kind of circumstances he was in. '어떤 형편에 처했는지' means 'what kind of condition the person was placed in or what kind of situation the person was in'. It means that the speaker didn't understand why his/her brother decided to do so because the speaker didn't know what kind of circumstances his/her brother was in. Well, the expression we learned earlier, '-에 노출되다' can also be used in a similar sense to '-에 처하다'. In the news, it was said that especially, in case of children and women, it's easy to get exposed to human trafficking or sexual assault. At this time, the expression '-에 노출되다' was used as '성범죄에 노출되다(get exposed to sexual assault)'. Exposure originally indicates to expose or show something. It matches the words such as '비밀(secret)' or '감정(feeling)' and can be used as '비밀을 노출하다(disclose secret)' and '감정을 노출하다(show feeling)', etc. '-에 노출되다' basically means '겉으로 드러나게 된다(gets to be exposed)' and '나타나게 된다(get to be shown)'. So they were reluctant to let the conference site be exposed. '-에 노출되다' has a meaning of getting to be exposed in 'They were reluctant to let the conference site be exposed.'. However, '-에 노출되다' is sometimes used in similar meaning sense to '-에 처하다'. That's exactly the case of being exposed to sexual assault, as the anchor said in the news. Let's take a look at an example. Kitchen is always exposed to the risk of fire because it is a place to cook with fire. Here, 'being exposed to the risk of fire' means that it is facing danger of fire or it is placed in a situation that a fire breaks out. It means that as a kitchen is a place to cook with fire, it is placed in a situation that a fire may break out. Lastly, let's take a look at the useful expression. My job is to encourage people to pay attention to the refugees and help them by letting people know who the refugees are and how they live. Here, '촉구하다(encourage)' means to ask someone to do something fast. '사람들의 관심과 도움의 손길을 촉구하다(encourage people to pay attention and help ~)' means that the speaker asks people to pay attention to certain problem and ask them to do something to help others quickly. '손길(hand)' originally indicates a hand that grab or touches something but what does it mean here? At this time, it doesn't mean the actual hand but it means certain act that has an effect on something. So, '도움의 손길(helping hand)' can be interpreted as an action of helping someone or provide necessities to people in need. Let's look at the example sentence which used the expression '촉구하다(encourage)'. University students called for concrete solution to solve the unemployment problem of youth. It means that the university students requested to find a way to solve the unemployment problem of youth quickly. He/She urged to resolve the medical problem of the refugees quickly. It means that he/she asked for an arrangement of the medical problem of the refugees any time soon. Today, we have learned the expressions related to the people who need help or support. When in a certain situation, especially when in a difficult state, the expression ‘어려움에 처하다(in trouble situation, be faced with the trouble)’ is used. Along with ‘에 처하다(in trouble)’, we use the same expression such as ‘위기(crisis),’ ‘역경(adversity),’ ‘곤경(difficulty),’ or ‘위험(danger).’ This expression also used when we ‘are being in any situations or circumstances.’ Then, we have learned the expression ‘에 노출되다(be exposed)’ which means that comes to the surface or outward. Lastly, we have learned the word ‘촉구하다(call on or urge)’ which means that it is called on something to be done quickly. The refugee issues arise as a social problem from every corner of the world. It is divided into two positions that one is accepting those people and the other is not. What is your view? Please, present your opinion freely, after reading the arguments for and against of accepting refugees. Meanwhile, try to present your opinion using the expressions that learned today. Then, this is the end of the class. 안녕히 계세요.
