[MUSIC] Welcome back. This third lecture, is a journey. I invite you for a journey. A journey in the world of ideas. In the world of philosophy. And the country's bit difficult, so you need some guides. And I selected for you three, no six guides. We need six guides. And let me introduce the guides we're going to use for this journey. I name those guides, Giants, and this sentence comes from Newton. And Newton said, everything I did in my life was done on the shoulders of giants. I love this expression, because you and me we did, we do exactly the same. We build what we do on the shoulders of other people. So I selected a set of six people, six giants to, just to join for this journey in the world of ideas. Number one, Descartes. Why Descartes? Hm, I'm from Belgium, probably Descartes is the philosopher who influenced the most, my generation, my country, my, probably my culture. So we have invited Descartes as the first guide. Number two and three, of course, you cannot escape. You cannot escape, probably, you know this picture. It's named School of Athens. It was painted by Raphael during the Rennaissance. It's somewhere in, in the home, you can see painting. It's like a set of I think, 30 philosophers, but in the middle of the picture, you have two key people maybe you know, maybe you don't. One is Plato and the second one is Aristotle. Plato is like this, with his finger pointing to the e, sky because he was convinced ideals exist somewhere in the realm of ideas. Aristotle was his student and disagreed with Plato. And for Aristotle, he show the ground to say no, no, no, no. Idea's are imbedded in the world. So Plato, Aristotle, the two next guys. Of course, you cannot escape them. I think Whitehead, the English philosopher, once said the entire history of philosophy are just footnotes to Plato's work. This is probably a bit exaggerated, but somehow, somehow it's true. So we have definitely Plato and Aristotle as two, as number two and number three guide. Number four, I name it, Newton. Newton a bit strange because it's not a philosopher, but it's not a coincidence. I think we shouldn't be prisoner of philosophy. Newton is a scientist, a genius, of course, and but I need, and we need him also as a guide. One of the, one the goal of this lecture is to show that you don't have discipline completely separated. Everything is connected so it's good to have a non philosopher among the six guides. Number five, Leibnitz. Leibnitz. Why Leibnitz, we will see that later. He's a scientist and a philosopher. So he has definitely more. He may be on the guide as well. Number six, probably you don't know him. Bertrand Russell. Bertrand Russell, why? Because I am a fan of him, just simple as that. I am a fan of Bertrand Russell. Bertrand Russell has, he died 50 years ago, in the 70s, and to me is extraordinary. For different reasons. One of the reasons is, he was convinced philosophy should be a tool for a better world. For example, Russell started I forgot the name, it was like a court to judge the the crime in Vietnam, during the Vietnam War. So he was really embedded in the War. He's a fan. He was convinced philosophy should be applied to real situation, and I share, definitely, this conviction. And Aristote is famous for many, many reasons. And he had a lot of humor, which is good, too. A lot of humor, and he was provocative. He was really ambitious, and will we see later, when I'm going to talk about logic, what he really did. So just to finish this little piece, here a picture of Bertrand Russell. He died in the 70's, I just told you. He lived nearly a hundred years. When he was born, Nietzsche was writing and when, I think he had a chance to see the man on the moon. Can you imagine such a life? [BLANK_AUDIO]
