This is the normal contrast and, these, normal conditions.
What happens when there is a Niño?
For this usually oscillates between a Niño and a Niña.
It is called Niño when we have a system reversal
this heating zone moves to the east.
What it does is that the area of storms and formation of torrents are
also moves east, until arriving at the American coast.
So here we have high pressures and here we have low pressures.
Therefore we have more precipitation here and here we have an increase
of the surface mixing layer, the thermocline stays lower and here it rises.
And, in addition, here we have an area here we have an important drought
where there is not, these important rain zones cease to function.
And at the same time,
also this interrupts the outcrop we had on the coast.
Here possibly because the waters are surface,
which are hotter are somehow plugging the outcrop area.
Let's go a little while back, to see here,
here we have an area clearly, the thermocline,
here is in the most coastal area, we have the outcrop area,
remember the outcrop.
Somehow this chapter is what it does is encompass a little
several concepts that we have been seeing.
Here we have the trade winds of the southern hemisphere, on the coast of Peru and
Chile that cause an important coastal outcrop in the Peruvian and Chilean zone.
And here these conditions what it does is, of course, the thermocline is
very shallow and it is deeper here, but that is the inclination,
while in the situation of the Niño this goes
ironing in some way and what is the Niña?
La Niña is a bit of a step, but we went from stopping in the other direction.
That is, it is a normal situation,
to such an extent that hot water concentrates much more here,
this deepens the thermocline much more,
here there is practically no surface mixing layer,
this area is very intense, on the coast here.
Normally, things go like this,