Introduction

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From the course by University of Florida

Science of Training Young Athletes Part 2

34 ratings

University of Florida

Science of Training Young Athletes Part 2

34 ratings

In this course you will learn how to design the type of training that takes advantage of the plastic nature of the athlete’s body so you mold the right phenotype for a sport. We explore ways the muscular system can be designed to generate higher force and power and the type of training needed to mold the athlete's physical capacity so it meets the energy and biochemical demands of the sport. We also examine the cost of plasticity when it is carried beyond the ability of the body to adjust itself to meet the imposed training stresses. The cost of overextending plasticity comes in the form injuries and chronic fatigue. In essence, a coach can push the athlete’s body too far and it can fail. Upon completion of this course you will be able to assemble a scientifically sound annual training plan.

From the lesson

Acute fatigue during training and competition

Fatigue is a phenomenon we all experience. It is characterized by tiredness and the desire to rest. Whether the athlete likes it or not, fatigue serves a protective function. It is both cognitive and physical in nature. In this topic you are introduced to the science of acute fatigue due to training and competition. With rest, acute fatigue dissipates and the body becomes stronger. You will learn about important fatigue theories, and the factors believed to contribute to fatigue such as low fuel supplies, acidity and body temperature.

Introduction3:35

PCR and Glycogen Use5:47

Derivation of ATP4:00

Changes During Recovery4:04

Effect of Recovery6:24

Single Bout Sprinting6:13

Multiple Bout Sprinting4:37

Recovery Rate Factors5:30

Meet the Instructors

Dr. Chris Brooks
Instructor
Coaching Science Coordinator for USA Track and Field

The theories of fatigue, we discussed in the previous lesson,

open up alternative ways to view fatigue and provide possible training insights.

In this lesson, we examined how fuel supply can cause fatigue.

Short bouts of exercise are most effected by energy supply because

the phosphocreatine and glycogen have limited ATP production capabilities.

In essence, we will look at fatigue from the point of view of the energy supply and

energy depletion theory.

Now, muscle trauma is also involved in limiting short burst of activity.

But this is not going to be the focus in this particular lecture.

Most sports involved short bouts of sprinting.

So, insights into what causes fatigue during sprinting has a really,

really wide application.

The mean distance and duration for sprinting in team sports is

between ten to 20 meters, lasting between two to three seconds.

Recovery is an important consideration.

So the athlete is ready for the next bout of sprinting within minutes.

In track sprint events, a running performs a single bout of sprinting with

very little consideration about the rate of recovery from this effort.

However, training for

these sprint race involves repeated bouts of sprinting on various duration and

distances that is close to the athlete's maximum velocity.

And the questions that are of interest to us include

how does repeated bouts of sprinting cause muscle fatigue?

And the second question is how are the three energy systems each affected.

Now we know that maximum speed cannot be maintained for very long.

Power output declines with increasing distance and duration, as you see here.

Power is lowest at 30 seconds and it's highest at six seconds.

The insights we have for

why this happens comes from research using needle biopsy techniques.

A sample of the athletes muscle is snipped out by using

a specially designed needle and frozen within four to six seconds.

And in this way the samples closely reflect

the state of the muscle during exercise.

In this lesson, we examine how the prostate create in the PCr, the glycolytic

and the aerobic energy systems interact to supply ATP during sprinting.

We discuss the recovery time necessary to replenish the fuel sources for

the Phosphate Creatin and Glycolytic Energy System during sprinting.

We will examine how you decide when the athletes

Phosperic Creatin Energy System has run low on its fuel supply.

So let's get started.

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