[MUSIC] All right. So, there are a couple of techniques that your textbook also recommends. These are covered on pages seven to ten roughly. Couple of methods. We already looked at the recommendations from the Purdue OWL for paraphrasing and what to do. These are kind of some similarities and some differences. So the tell a friend method, four steps, read it until you get it, okay? That's always the first step, right? Still the first step, read and understand the original. Cover the original, don't look at the original. Okay? I like the tell a friend method. Explain it as though you're talking to a friend. That's another way of saying, put it into your own words, right? Use language you would normally use to explain it. A lot of what people do in academic writing is a kind of translation. All right, we're translating from academic speak to more standard speech, right, slightly simplified. So, explaining as though you're talking to a friend. Again, check your version against the original. These suggestions are really close to the suggestions from the Purdue OWL that we looked at, right? This other method is a little bit different. This one, you kind of take long sentences and break them up into parts, right, create little chunks of meaning. And then, chunk by chunk, put it into your own words. And then you can rearrange them, right? This one, really a combination of these is good, because this one is making sure that you're also paying attention, not just to word choice, but also to sentence structure, right? You're thinking about how can you restructure it, so that it's not filed away step by step, the same pattern as the sentence in the original. So we're going to practice some of these things and then we'll talk about some of those challenges. We're going to try a new tool today. Fingers crossed, hopefully it works. And I'm going to ask you to take out your phones. Do you have your phone with you? Take out your phones. >> You said not to [INAUDIBLE]. >> I did earlier. I didn't want you using them earlier. But now, I'm authorizing its use. Take out your phones, okay? We're going to try, We'll try this. All right, so this is a website called PollEv.com. PollEverywhere.com. You have two options, you can either go to this website on your phone. PollEV.com/jacklbr156, or if you prefer you can text. So you can open it up in a browser on your phone, or you can follow the texting instructions on your phone. Whichever you prefer, okay? So make your choice and go there now. >> So I need to to my phone? >> Yeah, [LAUGH] I didn't get that far yet. I just wanted you to get on the website. We're going to do a couple of exercises. It's anonymous, right? We won't be able to tell who said what. But what I want you to do for this, first, once you actually get to the website, I want you to paraphrase the proverb, a fool and his money are soon parted. Have you heard this one before? >> Nope. >> No? What do you think it means? >> I don't know. >> [LAUGH] >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Okay, well, maybe some of the other ones will be. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Part of it. Think about it and read it a couple of times. >> I didn't get the website. >> You didn't get the website? Let me see. Too low. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Yeah, that looks good. >> Can you look at this? >> So right here, type your version of fool and his money are soon parted. >> All on the same page? >> Yeah, try to paraphrase it. So we're going to start with the proverbs, right? A fool and his money are soon parted, maybe this is a tough one to start with. I put an example up there, yes. But I want you to try putting it in your own words, what does that mean? If I can explain anything to you, I'll try to. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> It's in reference to [INAUDIBLE]? >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Think you should be able to answer this full. Try typing your paraphrase of, a fool and his money are soon parted. Type it here and then hit send. [CROSSTALK] Try and paraphrase it. It's anonymous, we wont know. >> What should I do? >> So now I think you paraphrase this and then hit send. Try it and see what happens. >> Jacqueline? >> Yeah. >> Do I paraphrase this sentence or? >> Isn't that the same one? A fool and his money are soon parted? Yeah, that one. The one below it is my paraphrase. It's like a paraphrase, a fool and his money are soon parted. Its anonymous. But I want to see several responses, so we can compare, yeah? Come on, nobody will know it was yours. [LAUGH] Give it a try. What do you think it means? You know what a fool is, yeah? What's a fool? >> Stupid. >> Okay, all right. >> He's asking for a [INAUDIBLE]. >> He's asking for what? So we're getting some responses now. Good. Let's get a couple more, then we can talk about. [LAUGH]. [SOUND]. It's a good way to practice, and then we can talk about what's good and what needs work, right? And nobody knows who posted what Good practice. [LAUGH] >> [INAUDIBLE] >> [LAUGH] All right. Now we're getting somewhere. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Are you seeing the examples up here? This is also a really good illustration of how many ways there are to say the same thing, basically, right? That's [INAUDIBLE] thing about paraphrasing. We can all paraphrase the same sentence and come up with what, how many of us are there, 14, 15 different versions, [LAUGH] right? Little difference. We're going to get, all right. So let's look at some of these. There are a few grammar spelling issues but that's okay. Right. It's difficult maybe for someone whose stupid to collect money. [LAUGH] All right. Maybe, except this is changing the idea just a little bit, right. To collect money is different from having money and then losing it, right. So the idea that a fool has money or student this is the idea someone who has money. Spends it and loses it quickly. So the idea of collecting money is a little bit different. Not quite meeting that criteria of maintaining the same meaning as the original. But it's a good attempt. Right, if a person has money. Hey, let's keep those comments to a minimum. See, this is the danger of using this software. [LAUGH] But you know, it's a nice comment, thank you. All right, if a person has money and he or she can profit from it, he or she will lose money? The profit may be doesn't really fit with the original meaning. But, there are some ideas there. This is good. People who do not spend money wisely will quickly lose their money. Pretty close to the original right? How about, it's easy for someone who is not good at managing money wisely to spend more money? [INAUDIBLE], a little bit longer but still the main idea, right? Spending money is one sign of stupidity in finance. [LAUGH] Possibly. Maybe, it's distorting the original meaning a little bit, but it's pretty [INAUDIBLE]. Okay. Good. So, these are our examples. [LAUGH] A person who has many Subject-Verb Agreement doesn't know how to benefit from it will soon lose it. All right, good. All right, let's try another one now that you're warmed up. Another proverb. Have you heard this one before? All work and no play make Jack a dull boy. Have you heard that? Think about it for a minute. Read it a couple times. Think about it. All work and no play make Jack a dull boy. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> What's that? >> [INAUDIBLE] >> [LAUGH] >> Okay, yeah. So the Jack part isn't important to the main idea. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Dull, as in boring. >> What's the sentence? >> All, it's at the very top in the blue. All work and no play make Jack a dull boy. >> What does dull boy mean? >> Dull is like boring. Yeah. [INAUDIBLE] Children needs to play as important part of their development. Too much effort and less free time will make an individual boring. No fun. You guys are working on Subject-Verb Agreement in your structure class, right? >> Makes, yeah. >> Makes. No fun makes Jack a boring person. And yeah sometimes just like the texting medium right, using your phones makes it easier to make mistakes with grammar. It's difficult to put all of your time on work. Maybe not. It's maybe not difficult to put all of your time on work, but it's I don't know, problematic. Right? It's not. It's not good to put all of your time Okay spending a lot of time working and not having they're moving around, not having rest or fun time would make life boring. Working all the time makes you machine-like. All right, this is an equation. We should make this like our motto or something, right? Working 24/7, plus no fun, equals boring life. It's so true. It's so true. I like this proverb. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. You gotta have balance. You gotta have balance in your life. [LAUGH] Working all the time makes you a zombie. [LAUGH] >> [LAUGH] >> Okay, okay, now we're getting a little colorful, right? So. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> So, I think in some ways, this is an example, right? Working all the time makes you a zombie. This is a way we're kind of getting the gist, right? And the same point, but then language is so extreme, that I would say in an academic paraphrase they would say maybe your reaching a little too far. Your maybe putting words into the authors mouth. Have you heard that phase? Putting words in someone elses mouth. I don't know if the person who wrote the proverb would quite agree with that, cause it is so strong right? It is stronger And the original, but it's interesting [LAUGH]. Okay balancing your life with both work and play time leads to a more fruitful life. Nice, alright let's do one more proverb and then we're going to try something different. Let's see, now let's do. It's no use crying over spilled milk. Have you heard this one before? >> [INAUDIBLE] >> I think that's when nothing's [INAUDIBLE] >> [LAUGH] Paraphrase it. There's no use crying over spilled milk. What do you think that means? Proverbs are fun to do, so right? I like that. Once an act is done, regret is pointless. >> Yes, that's done- >> Over and done with, yeah, you can't do anything about it now. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Crying from mistakes won't solve them. So I can change the past because of that, don't cry for what happened. See this paraphrasing stuff isn't that hard, right? [LAUGH] Regretting what happened is wasting time. All right. Looking good. [LAUGH] What is this, the Yoda version? [LAUGH] >> Build milk no pride for. It's like, I can't do a Yoda voice. Can anybody do a Yoda voice? >> [LAUGH] >> You know Yoda right? >> What? >> You know Yoda? From Star Wars? >> Yoda? >> Yoda! >> No. >> No, you don't know Yoda? >> [LAUGH] >> This looks kind of like a Yoda. I can't do the voice. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Alright. See you guys got the hang of this. Now we've been doing proverbs right? Proverbs don't have authors. Proverbs are at least common sayings, right? That have been handed down for generations. Do you have proverbs? What's your favorite proverb? >> New language, can you translate it? Can you think of any proverbs? >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Proverbs. Like these are all proverbs, right? There's no use crying over spilled milk. All work and no play, jack of all trades, you have these sayings? [CROSSTALK] Yes, of course, most languages do. Do you have a favorite one? >> Yes. >> What is it? Can you translate it? >> No I can't. >> No? [LAUGH] >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Well, >> [INAUDIBLE] >> In a way, paraphrasing is very similar to translating. Right? You're taking, an original, and you're putting it into new language >> Right? You're expressing it in a different way. And when we're dealing with academic language, you're translating that basically into more, maybe more every day language, or maybe just like a new way of saying it. [CROSSTALK]. Let's tried it with something I done. Okay? This is from an article coping with procrastination is one of the supporting ideas in the article right? We were looking at coping with procrastination in an article everyone is talking about the causes of procrastination. The reasons people procrastinate. So paraphrasing also comes in handy when you are writing a summary. If you can identify the main idea and the supporting points in something you want to summarize Basically, just paraphrase each of those parts and you've got a summary. >> So, summary. Summarize [INAUDIBLE] The same thing. >> Well, summarizing is looking more at specific points. But if you can identify the main points and paraphrase, in a way you're building them summary, right? Because the summary is the most important ideas from an article put into your own words. So, one of the important ideas from Coping with Procrastination. Let's see the second one this time actually. Here, it's a little shorter too. All right, this is from Coping with Procrastination, right? Often procrastination is due to an inability to concentrate, or a feeling of being overwhelmed and indecisive. Now, this is going to be a little bit harder to paraphrase. And remember, when you're paraphrasing and you have the author and the date. You have to include those two. All right? Moore, Baker, and Packer. Say. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> 1997. [LAUGH] Start it with that [INAUDIBLE] Sure yeah. Think about how you could reorder the sentence maybe in addition to changing the language. If we're using the chunking method, [INAUDIBLE] this is a test question so we're going to talk about it a lot. If I were to break this into pieces, this sentence Often procrastination is due to, that might be one chunk. Right, it's the introduction and then we have two parts. It's due to this or this. All right, so that would be the three chunks, and you can rearrange. And those too. Just need a couple. Is this hurting your brain a little bit more? [LAUGH] All right, we've got three examples now. Four, good. All right, again. A really good demonstration of how many different ways we can paraphrase, right. So, first we start with 4 and 2, but these have reporting verbs six, eight. Right. According to, I lost it. The way, where procrastination are usually caused by lack of concentration, and being unsure about it. Okay. I would say, that it is a little vague. I would want to know what is it. Unsure about what. And, this one needs a citation. Okay. Better [INAUDIBLE] we're good. Often stall maybe stalling is because of the inability to think deeply about something. The inability to concentrate okay. More [INAUDIBLE] say than the last confrontation. A feeling of incision or overwhelming. It would be something here now, right? The cause is procrastination. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Okay, we don't have time to critique these in more detail, but I think >> You're starting to get the hang of it, right? Paraphrasing is not easy. It's a challenge even for native speakers because again it's translating right? We're taking somebody else's ideas and finding a way to express them in your words and that's always a challenge. So, it's going to take a lot of practice. but we'll keep working on it. And, we'll do more with the academic texts, in our future classes. Your homework for tonight, is to read, the article in your textbook called Addicted to Phones. with a question mark. Addicted to phones? On pages 195, 196. Not only should you read this, you should read it carefully. You will have a quiz. Well I'll ask you- >> To summarize it. >> Summarize it. >> Which page again? >> 195 to 196. >> [INAUDIBLE] >> Yes, it's also on Blackboard, so you can double check the schedule there, it's listed there. But read it carefully, think about it, annotate it. >> Right? And we'll be talking about that tomorrow. [CROSSTALK] Thank you!
