Hello, welcome to this video. This video is entitled human health depends on environment. There are several natural environmental factors that are essential for human life and some of them can affect also human health. Among these factors we have, for example, the air we breathe, the food we eat, the water we drink, the coexistence with other organisms. And of course, there are other factors such as radiation temperature and altitude. If any of these factors are altered somehow then they can cause some diseases in humans. For example, they can cause cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases. They can cause cancer, vector-borne diseases or other kind diseases. We will talk about this factors one by one. For example ,the air we breathe, oxygen and nitrogen are the most abundant gases in the air we breathe. We need of course oxygen, oxygen is essential for human health. This oxygen gets into our body through the lungs and then it goes to the bloodstream and then from the bloodstream to the cells. The cells need oxygen to obtain energy and they use this energy to perform the normal functions. So therefore, the oxygen is essential for human life of course. This air that we are breathing, it can be contaminated with toxic, gases and also with solid particles then we talk about air pollution. World Health Organization shows in the data that there are 9 out of 10 people that are breathing contaminated air in the world and also their data show also that in 2016, there were 7 million deaths caused by air pollution. The air pollution can be either outdoor air pollution or indoor air pollution. Outdoor air pollution is caused by car emissions, chemicals from industries, dust, pollen and also from ozone among others. The indoor air pollution can be caused by tobacco smoke, household products, cases such as radon and carbon monoxide, pollen and mold spores and also from materials used in the building such as asbestos. Evangelio Somali from University of Athens in Greece, she's an expert on air pollution and the and its effects on human health. She and her collaborators have shown that this kind of air pollution can cause respiratory diseases and cardiovascular diseases, especially among children and younger adults. Then let's talk now about the food that we eat. Food, of course, needs clean air, clean water and also healthy soils. Healthy soils are the basis for a healthy food production. If there is a lack in the soil of any of the 15 nutrients that plants need to grow then there will be a decrease in the food production. This soil can be also contaminated. Soil pollution can be caused by natural sources, but also by industrial activity agricultural chemicals and also improper disposal of waste. Now let's talk about the water we drink, we need water of course. Why do we need to water? It composes 65% of our bodies. It can also help in regulating our body temperature. It helps also in converting food to energy and it helps to carry nutrients and oxygen to our cells and remove waste among other functions that has water. Of course, we agree that water is essential for human life and it can be polluted also, then we are talking about water pollution. This water pollution can be caused by several factors such as soil washed away by rain, such as fertilizers that make cyanobacteria and algae grow too much and also, from bacteria, from sewage spills, and also this quarter pollution can come from chemicals from industry. All these factors can cause human health effects either directly or indirectly. Then we have also the coexistence with other organisms that is essential for human life. We are living with other organisms. For example, we need plants and algae because they provide nutrients and energy and also they provide oxygen talking about animals animals and fungi. They provide also nutrients and energy and some of them can decompose organic matter, which is also essential for human life. Of course, we have a drawback because some animals can transmit an infectious diseases. Then we have also bacteria bacteria are also essential for human life because they decompose organic matter. They supplied needed vitamins and they help immune system. Of course, there are also drawbacks in this because some bacteria can cause infectious diseases. We will talk about bacteria in another video. Then we have other factors, other environmental factors that can have an effect on human health, for example, temperature. Heat waves and cold stress may cause dehydration morbidity and mortality. We have also ultraviolet radiation. This is essential for human life because we need this kind of radiation for vitamin D production, but overexposure to this kind of radiation can cause acute and chronic diseases in eyes, skin, and immune system. And then we have the ionizing radiation which can come from natural sources or from man-made noise sources. The natural sources are including, for example, the radian, the gamma radiation from Earth and also cosmic rays. And then we have the man-made sources which come mostly from medical exposure. All these exposures, either natural or man-made, they can cause cancer. Talking about ionizing radiation. We have to mention of course Marie Curie. She was a Polish physicists and chemists and she conducted pioneering research on ionizing radiation. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. She unfortunately died because of leukemia and that was a proof itself that about the carcinogenicity of ionizing radiation. Nowadays, we have other women experts in ionizing radiation. We have, for example, Elizabeth Cardis, she works in ISGlobal in Barcelona and she's an expert on the effects of ionizing radiation on human health. She has carried out a lot of research on either occupational, medical or environmental exposure to ionizing radiation and there if its effect on human health. And that's the end of this video about human health and how human health depends on environment. [SOUND]
