Now in this situation, your cameraperson. Now if I had a large audience and I had a cameraman who was active, and that cameraman had a teleprompter, like I'm president of some company or President of the United States. I'm reading a speech, for example. And the cameraman knows at certain points, he has to pull in or push in or pull out to what he should do. And if you're Steve Jobs you better believe that cameraman knows exactly what he's doing, because Steve Jobs is always moving around, right? He's going here and there and the camera man's always focusing on him, right? So you need a good cameraman to do that. Now we don't have that situation right now. I'm locked into this position. I don't usually stand in one place very long, because I like to work the stage. Right? So, I don't know. No problem. We don't have that today. References. Now, whenever you use a material to create a PowerPoint, you get some picture, you get some text, put it all together. Put your name on it, give to your professor, he bings some of the text and finds out you copied it from this PPT or somewhere else and you get a zero. Right? That's fair, right? Plagiarism. You need a reference or materials. If you're going to borrow materials then you need to cite your work. It's a very important thing. Citing your sources, there's different ways of doing that. There's different standards. Depending on if you're a legal lawyer, perhaps you have different ways. If you're an engineer there might be a different way. But generally you cite your sources. Fair use of copyrights. Now, somebody else made a speech, and you think, you know, that's great. And you copied off the first part of the speech, and you put it into your speech. Now, technically as long as it's less than a certain amount and you reference it, you say I got it from here. But if it goes over about 10% of their material, then you're plagiarizing, even if you reference it. You're not really allowed to take too much of somebody else's work and use it for your own purposes. Now this is for educational purposes. Now if I'm going to sell something, then I can't take your material, unless I pay you. Your material, when you create your material, it's copyrighted. Whether legally copyrighted by going to a government agency or because you have published its copyright. So you have to be careful with this, now I've had a few papers where the first paragraph is in terrible English. The introduction, the abstract perhaps. And the rest of the paper is in perfectly grammatically correct, beautiful English. And the conclusion is in terrible English again. Signed Joe, whatever his name. Now I know, it came from somewhere else. And I just had to look at the first few lines, find it online, zero. And they come crying to me in the office, why? It happens, not very often, but it happens. So. Plagiarism. Try to avoid that and don't get caught doing something like that. Okay, now so here's how I do a preparation. First, I think about an outline. I just put down the key terms and key phrases I'm thinking about. Presentation, delivery, speeches, copyrights, needs of the audience. I just write down keywords, keywords, keywords, and then I go back and I put them in order. One, two, three, four, five, and I write them down in order. I just cut and paste, make order. Then I fill it in, the extra parts that need to be filled in, for example, to fit my speech. And I think about it, and I gather more knowledge, I think about it. And then I get my recorder and I just start talking. Blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, and as I'm speaking I add more to it perhaps, until I go through my entire list of topic statements to the very end. Then, I go back and I listen to it, and I fill in or remove things that aren't useful, and I do this a couple of times, until the delivery and the text that I write for my PowerPoint flow well. And usually, because presentations and speeches are quite similar, you start with a premise. You give the information, the background information. You outline it. You go through the body of knowledge. You might have counter arguments. These counters arguments that you prove, that you've proven that there not really credible. And that you really are right. And then of course, you restate it with your conclusion. And then, you have your Q and A, and so this is what I usually do, when I do these things. See listen to your recording, reorganize, list out the main points, and then after you've listed out your main points, then create your slides. Just cut and paste, cut and paste, cut and paste, cut and paste. Then, I'm sorry, then put any graphics you need to put in there, audio files, video files, reference, citations, whatever else you need to do. As you create your slides, you're putting them together. And of course, your background. Whatever background might be. Okay, practice alone. Because the first time you want to do this presentation. Usually you go your room somewhere and you read your text. And then you put your PowerPoint up there and you practice speaking. And you measure your time. How much time it takes for each slide. Now sometimes, you have an exact amount of time you have to finish. 25 minutes because you have a 30 minute period, then the next speaker comes up, so in 25 minutes, you're gone. The next speaker comes up he plugs in his USB, he sets up his PPT, and then this next speaker goes. It's considered very bad manners to go over time and interfere with the next speaker, so be careful about that. So having a good time sense, knowing how much each slide will be. Now today of course, I'm quite free, as long as I finish in a certain amount of time, I'm okay. So I don't have to follow exact slides, I'm adapting to my audience here. Then, practice with a similar audience. Once you feel that your PowerPoint flows well, and you think you can deliver it well, then get some experts. Someone who can listen to you, that can truly give you a good opinion. Give you information that really can help you. Go to your professor perhaps. Of course, don't bother him too much because they're busy usually. But, find some other experts, students perhaps, or other people. If you're in an office and you're a worker, and you're going to prepare this presentation for some important decision makers, like customers or bosses. You might want to work with some of your colleagues that are equal to you in knowledge perhaps. That can give you advice on how to improve your presentations. It's a very important part. Then, be able to continue only from notes. If the PowerPoint goes off, just your notes, you can still do it. Because you've practiced enough, you know your knowledge enough that you can actually do it. Told you this before, make eye contact, look at people. Let people know you're interested in them. Don't be a PPT reader. Like, okay, write an outline and record thoughts. Listen and organize. List. You know what's going to happen, right? People go. A monkey could do that. What do you need me for? Anybody can do that. So you need people who can actually work with the audience. Now making eye contact, if you know the audience, like you're in a company, and you're working with, let's say, you're working on a project, and you have this person, this person, this person, when you're making a point, that's important to that person, you look at them. And that's why I need $10,000. And that's why you need to finish that project on time. And that's why I need, look at your audience, make contact to the people when you need to
