What Are the Best Languages for App Development?

Key takeaways

The best programming language for app development depends on the type of application you want to build and which platform you plan to use.

• JavaScript is the most commonly used programming language among web developers worldwide [1].

• Popular programming languages for mobile app development include Java, Swift, and React Native.

• You can learn general-purpose languages like Python and C++ to start programming in a variety of environments.

Learn more about popular programming languages and their use cases. If you’re ready to start earning credentials right away, you can gain the skills you need for an entry-level career in iOS development with the Meta iOS Developer Professional Certificate. You can learn programming fundamentals, create your own portfolio of work, and earn a shareable certificate in as little as eight months.

Best programming language for app development: General-purpose languages

If you’re unsure what type of app you’d like to develop or which platform you’d like to use, consider learning a general-purpose programming language. General-purpose programming languages can be used across various domains to create many different types of programs.

Here are a few popular examples of general-purpose programming languages:

Python

Python is an excellent first language to learn if you’re new to programming. It is a beginner-friendly, object-oriented programming language suitable for projects ranging from artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) applications to web development and data science. Learn more about Python by reading What Is Python Used For? A Beginner’s Guide. 

C++

C++ is another beginner-friendly, object-oriented programming language. If you want to learn a general-purpose programming language but are also interested in how computers work, embedded systems, or the Internet of Things (IoT), C++ could be a great starting point for you. Get started by reading What Is C++? (And How to Learn It). 

Read more: Python vs. C++: Which to Learn and Where to Start

Best language for mobile app development

If you want to develop a mobile application, consider which platform you want to use. The most popular mobile operating systems worldwide include Google’s Android and Apple’s iOS [2]. You can also develop cross-platform apps or mobile applications that both Apple iOS and Android users can enjoy. 

Best language for iOS app development: Swift

Swift is the preferred language for iOS development. As a successor to C, C++, and Objective-C, Swift was designed to be beginner-friendly and can coexist alongside Objective-C and C++ files in a program. The Swift Playground app is also notable. It’s an interactive platform for mobile app developers to learn and experiment with Swift for the first time. Swift can be used to program apps for Apple’s mobile and desktop operating systems.

Tip: Learn Xcode to become an iOS developer

If you’re interested in becoming an iOS developer, you’ll need to familiarize yourself with Xcode. Xcode is a development environment and suite of tools used to develop, test, and distribute applications. It includes a code editor, debugger, and several prototyping and testing tools to help you throughout the entire development process.

Best language for Android app development: Java

Java is a popular language for Android app development. It’s reliable and includes extensive resources and documentation that can be invaluable to new programmers. It’s also a general-purpose, object-oriented language, making it versatile and relatively simple to learn.

Although many Android applications use Java, Kotlin is the preferred language for Android development. It is better supported, more concise, and completely open-source, or free to use. It employs both object-oriented and functional constructs, allowing developers to use either style or a combination of the two. Similar to the relationship between Swift and Objective-C, Kotlin is interoperable with Java, meaning you can use an existing Java codebase with Kotlin. 

Tip: Learn Android Studio for Android app development

Android Studio is an ideal integrated development environment (IDE) for Android app development. It fully supports Kotlin and includes a built-in Java-to-Kotlin converter.

Best language for Android and iOS app development: React Native

React Native is a powerful and popular framework for hybrid app development. It is a JavaScript-based framework that includes prewritten code and configurations, simplifying the cross-platform development process and enhancing the performance of mobile applications. Having a solid understanding of the JavaScript and React languages is recommended, but you may be able to learn the basics alongside React Native. If you were already considering learning Java but are curious about learning JavaScript for cross-platform mobile app development, consider reading Java vs. JavaScript: What’s the Difference?

Best language for web app development

JavaScript is the most commonly used programming language among software developers worldwide [1]. It is known for its cross-platform versatility and ability to create dynamic, interactive web applications. JavaScript also provides a variety of libraries and frameworks to support your efforts. If you want to create an application with real-time functionalities, such as a chatbot, JavaScript is an excellent choice for the job.

In-demand programming languages

If you want to learn a new programming language to launch or advance your career as a developer, consider the popularity of the languages you’re considering. According to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), here are 10 of the most popular languages for app development [3]:

1. Python

2. Java

3. C++

4. SQL

5. C#

6. JavaScript

7. TypeScript

8. C

9. Shell

10. Go

How long does it take to learn an app development language?

Learning an app development language will take some time and effort. On average, it takes from three to six months to learn the basics of a new programming language. However, this can vary depending on your experience with coding, computer science, and technology.

Skills you’ll need to learn for app development

• Basic computer literacy: You’ll need to be proficient with computers and learn to navigate various operating systems.

• Familiarity with basic programming concepts: While you don’t need to be a master programmer, understanding basic programming concepts will make learning how to program apps much more straightforward.

• Patience and attention to detail: You’ll need to be patient, pay close attention, and be willing to experiment until you develop your knowledge. Application developers spend a great deal of their time problem-solving.

• Knowledge of user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) design: Great apps follow UI/UX design principles to ensure users have a positive and seamless experience.

Here are a few resources you can use to get started:

• What Is an Android App Developer?

• What Is an iOS App Developer?

• What Is a Game Developer (and How to Become One)?

• Mobile App Development: Quick Start Guide

• How to Become an Oculus Developer in 4 Steps

• What Does a WordPress Developer Do? How to Build a Career

Explore our free resources to help you learn the best language for app development

Discover our free online resources for learning app development, such as subscribing to Career Chat. Or check out the following resources to learn more:

• Take a quiz: Which Python Course Should You Take? Find Out in 1 Minute

• Watch on YouTube: Course Spotlight: Learn Full Stack Android Mobile App Development

• Explore a course guide: How to Start Learning React: A Custom Course Guide

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