This module covers the chemistry of carbohydrates, from the structure and nomenclature of simple sugars to the glycosidic bonds that build disaccharides and polysaccharides, and the conjugated forms carbohydrates take when linked to lipids and proteins.

This module surveys lipid biochemistry, from the structure of fatty acids and their assembly into glycerolipids and sphingolipids to the steroid and isoprenoid family, and the physiological roles played by other lipid derivatives and fat-soluble vitamins.

This module examines the structure of biological membranes and the mechanisms cells use to move molecules across them, from passive diffusion through channels and transporters to the active, ATP-driven pumps that maintain ion gradients.

This module traces the flow of genetic information from the structure of DNA through replication, transcription, and translation, covering the roles of messenger, transfer, and ribosomal RNA and the rules of the genetic code that link nucleotide sequence to protein synthesis.

This module introduces the thermodynamic principles that drive biochemical reactions and the organization of metabolism into interconnected anabolic and catabolic pathways, along with the allosteric, covalent, and feedback mechanisms cells use to regulate enzyme activity.