In the second module of the course, you focus your learning on a relevant industry topic: automating things by using code, which is also known as infrastructure as code (IaC). Understanding IaC is crucial for operationalizing automation. With proper IaC, you can start automating how you provision infrastructure in a declarative way, instead of writing scripts for every task. This module is designed so that you gain a solid understanding about AWS CloudFormation and its importance for automation. This module is also subdivided into two major topics: Infrastructure as Code and Configuration as Code. First, you learn about the difference between IaC and configuration as code before exploring the details of each modality. IaC focuses on provisioning architectures by using a declarative language. In contrast, configuration as code focuses on using automation to configure fleets of servers that are currently running. This module also provides readings and hands-on activities that focus on AWS CloudFormation, so that you can learn about CloudFormation by using it.

Similar to the previous modules, the final module in this course is divided in two segments: Resource Management Best Practices and Scaling Resource Management. In Resource Management Best Practices, you start by learning some techniques for provisioning Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instances. You learn about and compare different methods of instance bootstrapping, and learn about EC2 instance metadata—a dedicated layer where instances can get information about themselves. You also explore ideas about how to combine these features to create automation solutions, and best practices on how to for organizing AWS resources by using tags for compliance and access control. In Scaling Resource Management, you learn how to use AWS Systems Manager and AWS Config to set up automation for maintenance and continuous compliance. This module includes readings and a hands-on activity with Systems Manager.