University of Cape Town
Understanding Clinical Research: Behind the Statistics
University of Cape Town

Understanding Clinical Research: Behind the Statistics

Juan H Klopper

Instructor: Juan H Klopper

180,589 already enrolled

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Gain insight into a topic and learn the fundamentals.
4.8

(3,470 reviews)

Beginner level
No prior experience required
Flexible schedule
Approx. 27 hours
Learn at your own pace
97%
Most learners liked this course
Gain insight into a topic and learn the fundamentals.
4.8

(3,470 reviews)

Beginner level
No prior experience required
Flexible schedule
Approx. 27 hours
Learn at your own pace
97%
Most learners liked this course

What you'll learn

  • How to make sense of statistical results presented in the published literature and research.

  • An overview of widely used statistical analysis techniques and how to interpret their results.

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Assessments

18 assignments

Taught in English

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There are 6 modules in this course

Welcome to the first week. Here we’ll provide an intuitive understanding of clinical research results. So this isn’t a comprehensive statistics course - rather it offers a practical orientation to the field of medical research and commonly used statistical analysis. The first topics we will look at are research methods and data collection with a specific focus on study types. By the end, you should be able to identify which study types are being used and why the researchers selected them, when you are later reading a published paper.

What's included

11 videos11 readings1 assignment1 peer review1 discussion prompt

We finally get started with the statistics. Have you ever looked at the methods and results section of any healthcare research publication and noted the variety of statistical tests used? You would have come across terms like t-test, Mann-Whitney-U test, Wilcoxon test, Fisher’s exact test, and the ubiquitous chi-squared test. Why so many tests you might wonder? It’s all about types of data. This week I am going to tackle the differences in data that determine what type of statistical test we can use in making sense of our data.

What's included

15 videos12 readings4 assignments1 peer review1 discussion prompt

There is hardly any healthcare professional who is unfamiliar with the p-value. It is usually understood to have a watershed value of 0.05. If a research question is evaluated through the collection of data points and statistical analysis reveals a value less that 0.05, we accept this a proof that some significant difference was found, at least statistically.In reality things are a bit more complicated than that. The literature is currently full of questions about the ubiquitous p-vale and why it is not the panacea many of us have used it as. During this week you will develop an intuitive understanding of concept of a p-value. From there, I'll move on to the heart of probability theory, the Central Limit Theorem and data distribution.

What's included

14 videos12 readings4 assignments

In general, a researcher has a question in mind that he or she needs to answer. Everyone might have an opinion on this question (or answer), but a researcher looks for the answer by designing an experiment and investigating the outcome. First, we will look at hypotheses and how they relate to ethical and unbiased research and reporting. We'll also tackle confidence intervals which I believe are one of the least understood and often misrepresented values in healthcare research. The most common tests used in the literature to compare numerical data point values are t-tests, analysis of variance, and linear regression. In the last lesson we take a closer look at these tests, but perhaps more importantly, their strict assumptions.

What's included

8 videos6 readings2 assignments1 peer review

The most common statistical test that you might come across in the literature is the t-test. There are, in actual fact, a few t-tests, but the one most are familiar with, is of course, Student’s t-test and its ubiquitous p-value. Not everyone, though, knows that the name Student was actually a pseudonym, used by William Gosset (1876 - 1937). Parametric tests have very strict assumptions that must be met before their use is justified. In this lesson we take a closer look at these tests, but perhaps more importantly, their strict assumptions. Once you know these, you will be able to identify when these tests are used inappropriately.

What's included

15 videos6 readings3 assignments

Congratulations! You've reached the final week of the course Understanding Clinical Research. In this lesson we will take a look at how good tests are at picking up the presence or absence of disease, helping us choose appropriate tests, and how to interpret positive and negative results. We’ll decipher sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values. You'll end of this course with a final exam, to test the knowledge and application you've learned in this course. I hope you've enjoyed this course and it helps your understanding of clinical research.

What's included

13 videos4 readings4 assignments

Instructor

Instructor ratings
4.8 (1,082 ratings)
Juan H Klopper
University of Cape Town
3 Courses221,274 learners

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